COMl'OSnVK. (COMPOSITK FAMII.V.) 269 



§ 2. GAMOCH-/l!^TA. Brist/es of the pappus united at the very base into a 

 ring, so fa/ling oj/' all together. 

 5. G. purpureum, L. (Purplish Cldwkk d.) Anmijil, simj.le or 

 branched from the base, asoendiiig (6-20' high), silvery-canosceiit with dense 

 white wool ; leaves oldong spatulate, obtuse, not decurrent, green above ; heat/s 

 in sessile clusters in tlie axiUs of the up^ier leaves, and spiked at the wand-liice 

 summit of the stem; scales tawny, the inner often marked with purple. — 

 Sandy or gravelly soil, coast of Maine to Va., and southward. 



34. ADENOCAULON, Hook. 



Heads 5- 10-flowered; the fiuwcrs all tul)ul:ir and with similar cor(jllas ; the 

 marginal ones pistillate, fertile; the others perfect but sterile. Involucral 

 scales few, equal, in a single row, not scarious. Receptacle flat, naked. An- 

 thers caudate. Achenes elongated at maturity, club-shaped, beset with stalked 

 glands above; pappus none. — Slender perennials, with the alternate thin and 

 petioled leaves smooth and green above, white-woolly beneath, and few small 

 (whitish) heads in a loose panicle, beset with glands (whence the name, from 

 adiffi/, a gland, and KavKos, a stem). 



1. A. bicolor, Hook. Leaves triangular, rather heart-shaped, with angu- 

 lar-tootlied margins ; petioles margined. — Moist woods, shore of Lake Supe- 

 rior, and westward. Stem 1-3° high. 



35. INULA, L. Elecampane. 



Heads many-flowered, radiate ; disk-flowers perfect and fertile. Involucre 

 imbricated, hemisiilierical, the outer scales herbaceous or leaf-like. Recep- 

 tacle naked. Anthers caudate. Achenes more or less 4-.5-ribbed; pappus 

 simple, of capillary bristles. — Coarse herbs, not floccoso-woolly, with alternate 

 simple leaves, and large yellow flowers. (Tlie ancient fiatin name.) 



I. HEL^ixirM, L. (Elecampane. ) Stout perennial (3 -.5° high); leaves 

 large, woolly beneath ; those from the thick root ovate, petioled, the otiiers 

 partly clasping ; rays very many, narrow. — Roadsides and (himp pastures. 

 Aug. — Heads very large. Root mucilaginous. (Nat from Eu.) 



36. POLYMNIA, L. LEAP-Crp. 



Heads broad, many-flowered, radiate . rays several (rarely abortive), pistil- 

 late ; disk-flowers perfect l)ut sterile. Involucral scales in two rows ; the outer 

 about 5, leaf-like, large and spreading; the inner small and membranaceous, 

 partly eml)racing the tliick triangular-obovoid achenes. Recejitacle flat, mem- 

 branous-chaffy. Pappus none. — Tall branching perennial herbs, viscid-hairy, 

 exhaling a heavy odor. Leaves large and thin, opj)osite, or the uppermost 

 alternate, lobed, and with dilated appendages like stipules at the base. Heads 

 in panided corymbs. Flowers light yellow; in summer and autumn. (Dedi- 

 cated to the Muse, Polijhgmnia, for no obvious re;isou.) 



1. P. Canadensis, L. Cl<imnii/-hairi/,2-5° \uv;h; lower leaves deeply 

 pinnatifid, the uppermost triangular-ovate and 3-5-lobed or angled, petioled; 

 heads small ; rai/s .5, ohovate or iredge-form, shorter than the mrolucre, often mi- 

 nute or abortive, whitisli-yellow ; achenes .3-costate, not striate. — Moist shaded 

 ravines, Conn, to W. Vt., Minn., and .'iouthward. — Var. uadiXta, Gray ; ligules 

 more developed, 3-lobed, 3-6" long, whitish. 111. to Kan., and southward. 



