COMPOSITE, (composite iamilv.) 285 



t- ■*- Heads sompirhat nodding, common} 1/ radiate ; leaves sessile, undivided. 

 3. B. c6rnua, L. (Smaller Bur-Makigoli>,) Nearly smooth (5' -3° 

 high); leaves Uuiceolnte, iine(jiial/i/ serrate, srurrelij connate : heads ijO(hlinff, 

 xvith or trithoitt (light yellow) rai/s; outer involiiere longer tluiii tiie head; 

 achenes wedge-ol)ovate, 4-a\vne(l, the margins downwardly harlied. — Wet 

 places, N. Kng. to Va., Mo., Minn., and northward. July -Sept. — Havs, 

 if any, smaller tlian in n. 4, and the outer involucre more leaf-like. (Ku.) 



4 B. chrysanthemoides, Michx. (Lakgek Buu-Makigold.) Smooth, 

 erect, or recliiiing at the base (G'-2° high) ; leaves lanceolate, tapering at both 

 ends, more or less connate, regularli/ serrate , outer involucre mostly shijrter 

 tlian the slioin/ golden-i/ellow (V long) rays: achenes wedge-shaped, with al- 

 most prickly downwardly harbed margins; awns 2, 3, or 4. — Swamjjs; com- 

 mon. Aug - Oct 



* * xichenes linear, 4-sided, the inner longer and tapering upivard. 



5* B. bipmn^ta, L (Spanish Needles.) Smooth annual, l)ranched ; 

 leaves 1 -.3-i)innately ])arted, petioled ; leaflets ovate-lanceolate, inostly wedge- 

 shaped at the base ; heads small, on slender peduncles ; outer involucre of linear 

 scales equalling the short pale yellow rays, achenes 4-grooved and angled, 

 nearly smooth, 3-4-awne(l. — Damp soil, K. I. to N. Y., 111., and southward. 



* » * Achenes terete, truncate at hoth ends, with 3-6 very long aivns smooth below. 



6 B. B6ckii, Torr. (Water Marigold.) Aquatic, perhaps perennial, 

 smooth ; stems long and slender ; immersed leaves crowded, capillary, many 

 times dissected, the few emerging ones lanceolate, slightly connate, toothed ; 

 heads single, short-peduncled ; involucre much shorter than the showy (golden 

 yellow) rays; achenes thickish, smooth (|' long), the stout divergent awns 

 (1' long) barbed only toward the apex. — Ponds and slow deep streams, Mass. 

 to N. J., Mo., and northward. Aug. -Oct. 



57. THELESPERMA, Less. 



Heads many-flowered ; rays about 8, neutral, or none. Involucre as in Co- 

 reopsis, the inner connate to the middle, scarious-margined. Receptacle flat, 

 the scarious chaff falling with the nearly terete wingle.ss and beakless achenes ; 

 pappus of 2 stout subulate retrorsely hispid awns. — Smooth herbs, with oppo- 

 site dissected leaves and pedunculate heads of yellow flowers. (From 07jA^, a 

 nipple, and (nrtp^ia, seed, on account of the papillose achenes.) 



1. T. gracile, Gray. Perennial, rather rigid, 1-2'^ 'dgh; leaves with 

 narrow or tilit'orm divisions or the upper entire; outer scales very short; rays 

 short or usually none; achenes pajjillose. — Kan., south and westward. 



58. BALDWINIA, Nutt. 



Heads globular, many-flowered, radiate ; the long and narrowly wedge-shaped 

 rays neutral. Involucre short, of many thickish small scales imbricated in 3 or 

 4 rows, the outer obovate and obtuse. Receptacle strongly convex, with deep 

 honeycomb-like cells containing the obconical or oblong silky-villous achenes; 

 pappus of 7 - 9 lance-oblong erect chaffy scales. — A perennial herl). smoothish, 

 with slender simple stems (2-3^ ^dgli), bearing alternate oblauceolate leaves, 



