298 COMPOSITE, (composite family.) 



pappus double, the outer of thin pointless chaffy scales, the inner of delicate 

 bristles. — Small herbs, branched from the base; the leaves chiefly radical, 

 lyrate or toothed ; the small heads terminating the naked scapes or branches. 

 Flowers yellow. (Named after D. Krieg, an early German botanical collector 

 in this country. ) 



§ 1. KRIGIA proper. Achenes turbinate, 5-angled ; pappus of 5-7 short 

 roundish chaff and as nianj alternating bristles. Annual. 



1. K. Virginica, Willd. Stems or scapes several (1 -10' high), becom- 

 ing branched and leafy ; earlier leaves roundish and entire, the others narrower 

 and often pinnatifid. — New Eng. to Minn., and southward. April- Aug. 



§ 2. CYNTHIA. Achenes more slender; pappus q/'10-15 small oblong chaff 

 and 15-20 bristles. Perennial. 



2. K. Dandelion, Nutt. Roots slender, tuberiferous ; scapes leaJJess, 

 6-18' high; leaves varying from spatulate-oblong to linear-lanceolate, entire 

 or few-lobed. (Cynthia, DC.) — Moist ground, Md. to Ky., and southward. 

 March - July. 



3. K. amplexicaulis, Nutt. Roots Jibrous ; stem-leaves 1-3, oblong 

 or oval, clasping, mostly entire ; the radical ones on short winged petioles, 

 often toothed, rarely pinnatifid; peduncles 2-5. (Cynthia Virginica, Z>o».) 



— Moist banks. Conn, to Minn., and southward. June. — Stem 1 -2° high. 



85. CICHOmUM, Tourn. Succorv or Chicory. 



Heads several-flowered. Involucre double, herbaceous, the inner of 8-10 

 scales, the outer 5, short and spreading. Achenes striate ; pappus of nu- 

 merous small chaffy scales, forming a short crown. — Branching perennials, 

 with deep roots ; the sessile heads 2 or 3 together, axillary and terminal. 

 Flowers bright blue, varying to purple or pink, showy. (Altered from the 

 Arabian name of the plant.) 



C. f XTYBUS, L. Stem-leaves oblong or lanceolate, partly clasping, the lowest 

 runcinate, those of the rigid flowering branches minute. — Roadsides; N. Eng. 

 to Iowa and Minn. July -Oct. (Nat. from Eu.) 



86. TRAGOPOGON, L. Goat's-beard. 



Heads many-flowered. Involucre simple, of several erect lanceolate attenu- 

 ate equal scales. Achenes narrowly fusiform, 5-10-ribbed, long-beaked; 

 pappus of numerous long-plumose bristles. — Stout glabrous biennials or per- 

 ennials, with entire grass-like clasping leaves and large solitary heads of yel- 

 ,low or purple flowers. (Name from rpdyos, goat, and irdywu, beard.) 



T. porrif6lius, L. (Salsify. Oyster-plaxt.) Stem 2-3° high; pe- 

 duncle thickened and fistulous below the head ; flowers purple ; achenes and 

 pappus 3' long. — Sparingly escaped from cultivation. (Nat. from Eu.) 



T. PRATExsis, L. (Goat's-beard.) Very similar ; leaves somewhat broader 

 at base; peduncle little thickened; flowers yellow. — Fields, etc., N. Eng. to 

 N. J. and Minn. (Nat. from Eu.) 



87. L E d N T O D O N, L., Juss. U.\ wkbit. 



Heads many-flowered. Involucre scarcely imbricated, but Avith several bract- 

 lets at tlie base. Achenes spiiuUe-shaped, striate, all alike ; pappus persistent, 

 composed of plumose bristles which are enlarged and flattened toward the base. 



— Low and stemless perennials, with toothed or pinnatifid root-leaves, and scapes 



