,:508 CAMPANULACEiE. (CAMPANULA FAMILY.) 



1. SPECUIjAIIIA, Heister. Venus's Looking-glass. 



Calyx 5- (or 3-4-) lobed. Corolla wheel-shaped, 5-lobed. Stamens 5, sepa- 

 rate ; the membranaceous hairy filaments shorter than the anthers. Stigmas 3. 

 Capsule prismatic or elongated-oblong, 3-celled, opening by 3 small lateral 

 valves. — Low annuals, with axillary blue or purplish flowers, in American 

 species dimorphous, the earlier being cleistogamous. (Name from Speculum 

 Veneris, the early name of the common European species.) 



1. S. perfoliata, A. DC. Somewhat hairy (3-20' high); leaves round- 

 ish or ovate, clasping bi/ the heart-shaped base, toothed ; flowers sessile, solitary 

 or 2 - 3 together in the axils, only the upper or later ones having a conspic- 

 uous and expanding corolla; capsule oblong, short, straight, opening rather below 

 the middle; seeds lenticular. — Sterile open ground ; common. May -Aug. 



2. S. leptOCarpa, Gray. Minutely hirsute or nearly glabrous (6-12' 

 high) ; leaves lanceolate, Avith flowers closely sessile in their axils; calyx-lobes 

 of lower flowers 3 ; capsule nearly cylindrical (6-9" long, \" thick), inclined to 

 curve, opening by one or two uplifted valves near the summit; seeds oblong. — 

 W. Mo, and Ark. to Col. and W. Tex. Expanded corolla 6 - 9'' wide. 



2. CAMPANULA, Tourn. Bellflower. 



Calyx 5-cleft. Corolla generally bell-shaped, 5-lobed. Stamens 5, sepa- 

 rate , the filaments broad and membranaceous at the base. Stigmas and cells 

 of the capsule 3 in our species, the short pod opening .on the sides by as many 

 valves or holes. — Herbs, with terminal or axillary flowers ; in summer. (A 

 diminutive of the Italian campana, a bell, from the shape of the corolla.) 



* Style straight; openings of capsule below the middle. 

 ■^Coarse pubescent many-Jlowered European species, sparingly naturalized; 



perennial. 



C. RAPUNCULOiDES, L. Smoothish, slender, erect ; stem-leaves ovate-lan- 

 ceolate, pointed, the lower long-petioled and heart-shaped ; flowers nodding, 

 single in the axil of bracts, forming racemes; corolla oblong, V long. — Road- 

 sides and fields, Canada and N. Eug. to Penn. 



C. glomkeXta, L. (Clustered B.) Somewhat hairy, stout and erect, 

 1° high; stem-leaves oblong or lanceolate, cordate-clasping; flowers sessile, 

 clustered in tlie upper axils, forming a leafy head ; corolla open-bell-shaped, 

 1' long. — Roadsides, E. Mass. 



H- -1- Slender perennials, mostly glabrous ; flowers one or few, on slender peduncles. 



1. C. rotundifolia, L. (Harebell.) Slender, branching (5- 12' high), 

 1 -10-flowered ; root-leaves round-heart-shaped or ovate, mostly toothed or cre- 

 nate, long-petioled, early withering away ; stem-leaves numerous, linear or nar- 

 rowly lanceolate, entire, smooth ; calyx-lobes awl-shaped, from ^ to | the length 

 of the bright-blue corolla (which is 6-9" long); capsule nodding. — Rocky 

 shaded banks, throughout the northern part of our range, and southward in 

 the mountains. — A delicate and pretty species, but with a most inappropriate 

 name, since the round root-leaves are rarely obvious. (Eu.) 



Var. arctica, Lange. Stems more upright and rather rigid , lowest leaves 

 spatulate; the very slender calyx-lobes soon spreading or deflexed; corolla 

 'i-V long. (C. rotundifolia, var. linifolia, of Man.) — Shores of the Great 

 Lakes, and northward. (Eu.) 



