318 ERICACEAE. (heath FAMILY.) 



1 C. calyculata, Don. Leaves oblong, obtuse, flat. — Bogs, Newf. to 

 Minn., and south to Ga. 



11. CASSiOPE, Don. 



Calyx Avithout bractlets, of 4 or 5 nearly distinct ovate sepals, imbricated in 

 the bud. Corolla broadly campanulate, deeply 4-5-cleft. Stamens 8 or 10; 

 anthers fixed by the apex ; the ovoid cells each opening by a large terminal 

 pore, and bearing a long recurved aAvn behind. Capsule ovoid or globular, 

 4 - 5-celled, 4 - 5-valved , the valves 2-cleft ; placent{3e many-seeded, pendulous 

 from the summit of the columella. Seeds smooth and wingless. — Small, 

 arctic or alpine evergreen plants, resembling Club-Mosses or Heaths. Flowers 

 solitary, nodding on slender erect peduncles, Avhite or rose-color. [Cassiope 

 was the mother of Andromeda.) 



1. C. hypnoides, Don. Tufted and procumbent, moss-like (1-4' high) ; 

 leaves needle-shaped, imbricated ; corolla .5-cleft ; style short and conical. — 

 Alpine summits of N. New Eng. and N. Y., and high northward. 



12. CALL UN A, Salisb. Heather. Ling. 



Calyx of 4 colored sepals. Corolla bell-shaped, 4-parted, much shorter and 

 less conspicuous than the calyx, both becoming scarious and persistent. Sta- 

 mens 8, distinct; anthers with a pair of deflexed appendages on the back, the 

 cells opening each by a long chink. Capsule 4-celled, septicidally 4-valved. — 

 Evergreen undershrub, with no scaly buds, opposite and minute leaves (mostly 

 extended at base into 2 sharp auricles), crowded and imbricated on the branches. 

 Flowers axillary, or terminating very short shoots and crowded on the branches, 

 forming close mostly one-sided spikes or spike-like racemes, rose-colored or 

 sometimes Avhite, small, bracted by 2 or 3 pairs of leaves, the innermost of 

 Avhich are more or less scarious. (Xaraed from KdKXvvw, to brush or sweep, 

 brooms being made of its tAvigs.) 



1. C. vulgaris, Salisb. LoAv grounds, Mass., at Tewksbury and W. 

 Andover; Maine, at Cape Elizabeth; also N. Scotia, C. Breton, Newf., etc. 

 Probably only introduced. 



Tavo European heaths. Erica cix^rea and E. Tetralix, have been found 

 in small patches on Nantucket Island. 



13. BRYAN THUS, Steller. 



Corolla urn-vshaped or bell-shaped, 5-toothed or 5-cleft, deciduous. Stamens 

 10, anthers pointless, shorter than the filaments, opening by terminal pores. 

 Capsule .5-celled, 5-valved, septicidal (as are all the succeeding), many-seeded. 

 — LoAv alpine Heath-like evergreen underslirubs, clothed Avith scattered linear 

 and obtuse smooth or rough-margined leaves. FloAvers usually nodding on 

 solitary or umbelled peduncles at the summit of the branches. Our species 

 belongs to § Phyllddoce. {Bpvov, moss, and 6.vdos, flower, because groAving 

 among mosses.) 



1. B. taxifolius. Gray. Calyx pubescent; corolla oblong-urn-shaped, 

 5-toothed, purplish, smooth ; style included. (Phyllodoce taxifoiia, Salisb.) — 

 Alpine summits of the mountains of N. H. and Maine, and northward. July. 



