OLEACE,«. (olive famii.v.) 335 



— Shrubs or small trees, the leaves commonly tuniiiif;^ yo/lowish in drying, 

 and furuisliing a yellow dye. Flowers in axillary c-lusttTs or rutenies, vclluw. 

 (Name ctv^itKokos, connected, from tiie union of the stamens.) 



1. S. tinctbria, L'ller. {IIou^^k-Sigar, &c.) Leaves clongatcd-ohlung, 

 acute, ohscurcly tuothed, thiekish, almost ])ersisteut, minutely pubescent and 

 pale beneath (3-5' long); Howers 6-14, in close and l)racted cln.sters, (»d(>r- 

 ous. — liich ground, Del. to Fla. and La. Aj)ril. — Leaves sweet, greedilv 

 eaten I>y cattle. 



Ordek fio. OLEACE^. (Olive Family.) 



Trees or shrubsy icilh opposite and pinnate or simple leaces, a 4-cle/t (or 

 sometimes obsolete) calyx, a regular A-clefl or nearly or (jiiite A-petalous 

 corolla, sometimes apetalous : the stamens only 2 {rurdy or accidentally 3 

 or 4) ; the ocary 2-celled, with 2 {rarelji more) oriiles in each cell. — Seeds 

 anatropous, with a large straight embryo in hard fleshy albumen, or 

 without albumen. — The Olive is the type of the true 01eacea>, to which 

 belongs the Lilac (-"^yrinyo), etc. ; and the Jessamine (Jasminujn) rep- 

 resents another division of the order. 



Tribe I. FKAXINE^. Fruit dry, indehisccnt, winged, a samara. Leaves pinnate. 



1. Fraxiniis. I'lowers dioecious, mostly apetalous, sometimes also without calyx. 

 Tribe II. OLiEINE.<E. Fruit, a drupe, or rarely a berry. Leaves simple. 

 ■2. Forestiera. Flowers apetiilous, dicKcious or polygamous, from a scaly catkin-like bud. 



Stiimens '2 - 4. 

 3. Chionanthus. Flowers complete, sometimes polygamous. Calyx and corolla 4-merous, 



the lattei- witii long and linear divisions. 

 4 LigriistTUni. Corolla funnel-form, 4-cleft, the tube longer than the calyx. 



1. FRAXINUS, Tourn. As,,. 



Flowers j)olygamous or (in our species) diteeious. (\ilyx small and 4-cleft, 

 toothed, or entire, or ob.solete. I'etals 4, or altogether wanting in our species. 

 Stamens 2, sometimes 3 or 4; anthers linear or oblong, large. Style single; 

 stigma 2-cleft. Fruit a 1-2-c-elled samara or Ae //;//•«//, flattened, winged at 

 the a])ex, 1 - 2-seeded Cotyledons elliptical ; radicle slender. — Light timber- 

 trees, with petioled pinnate leaves of 3-15 either toothed or entire leaflets; 

 the small flowers in crowded panicles or racemes from the axils of last year's 

 leaves. (The classical Latin name.) 



* Leaflets petioluhite ; anthers linetir-oh/ony ; calyx small, persistent. 

 -4- Fruit u'inyed only at the upper part of the terete or nearly terete body. 



1. F. Americana, L. (White Ash.) Branchlets and petioles glabrous : 

 leaflets 7-9, ovate- or lance-oblong, pointed, pale and either smooth or pubes- 

 cent underneath, entire or sparingly serrate or denticulate ; /ru/^ (about 1^' 

 long) marqinless below, aJwuptly d dated into a lanceolate, ohlanceolate, or wed(/e- 

 linear winy 2 or 3 times as long as the terete eylindmceous body. — Rich or 

 moist woods, common from the Atlantic to Minn., E. Xel». and Kan. April, 

 May — A large and very valuable forest tree, with gray furrowe<l bark, smooth 

 c;rav l>ranchlots and rnstv-colorrd Imds. Monoecious flowers rarclv occur. 



