392 SCROPHULARIACE^. (fIGWORT FAMILY.) 



ons. — Herbs, with branching stems, and opposite toothed or cut leaves. 

 Flowers, small, spiked. (Name cixppaa-ia, cheerfulness, in allusion to its 

 reputed medicinal properties.) 



1. E. officinalis, L. Low annual; leaves ovate or lanceolate, the 

 lowest crenate, the floral bristly-toothed ; lobes of the lower lip of the (Avhit- 

 ish, yellowish, or bluish) corolla notched. — Coast of INIaine and Lower Can- 

 ada; perhaps introduced from Eu. — Var. TatArica, Benth., a low form 

 with small flowers (2-3" long), and mostly rounded leaves. — Alpine region 

 of N. IL, shore of L. Superior, and far northward. 



24. BAHTSIA, L. 



Calvx equallv 4-cleft. Corolla with upper lip entire and sides not folded 

 back.' Otherwise much as Euphrasia. — Herbs, with opposite sessile leaves, 

 and subsessile flowers, in the upper axils and in a terminal leafy spike. 



B. Odontites, Huds. A span or two high from an annual root, branch- 

 ing, scabrous-pubescent ; leaves oblong-lanceolate, coarsely and remotely ser- 

 rate ; spikes elongated, loosely-flowered; corolla small, rose-red. — Coast of 

 Maine and N. Scotia. (Nat. from Eu.) 



25. RHINANTHUS, L. Yellow-Rattle. 



Calyx membranaceous, flattened, much inflated in fruit, 4-toothed. Upper 

 lip of corolla arched, ovate, obtuse, flattened, entire at the summit, but with a 

 minute tooth on each side below the apex ; lower lip 3-lobed. Stamens 4, 

 under the upper lip ; anthers approximate, hairy, transverse ; the cells equal, 

 pointless Capsule orbicular, flattened. Seeds many, orbicular, winged. — 

 Annual upright herbs, with opposite leaves ; the yellow flowers crowded in a 

 one-sided leafy-bracted spike. (Name composed of plv, a snout, and auOos, a 

 Jlower, from the beaked upper lip in some species formerly of this genus.) 



L R. Crista-galli, L. Leaves narroAvly oblong to lanceolate, coarsely 

 serrate, the floral bracts more incised with bristle-tipped teeth ; corolla 6" 

 long ; seeds broadly Avinged (when ripe they rattle in the inflated calyx, whence 

 the popular name.) — Coast of N. Eng. and alpine region of N. H., to L. 

 Superior, and northward. (Eu., Asia.) 



26. PEDICULARIS, Tourn. Lousewort. 



Calyx various. Corolla strongly 24ipped ; the upper lip arched, flattened, 

 often beaked at the apex ; the lower erect at base, 2-crested above, 3-lobed ; 

 lobes commonly spreading, the lateral ones rounded and larger. Stamens 4, 

 under the upper lip ; anthers transverse ; the cells equal, pointless. Capsule 

 ovate or lanceolate, mostly oblique, several-seeded. — Perennial herbs, with 

 chiefly pinnatifid leaves, the floral bract-like, and rather large flowers in a 

 spike. (Name from pediculus, a louse ; of no obvious a^iplication.) 



1. P. Canadensis, L, (Common Lousewort. Wood Betonv.) 

 Hairy ; stems simple, clustered (.5- 12' high) ; Ieai:es scattered, the lowest pin- 

 natelji parted, the others half-pinnatijid ; spike short and dense; califx split in 

 front, otherwise almost entire, oblique ; upper lip of the (dull greenish-yellow 

 and purplish) corolla hooded, incurved, 2-toothed under the apex ; capsule y?af, 

 somewhat sword -shaj^ed, — Copses and banks, common. May -July. 



