I 



LABIAT.*:. (mint FAMILY.) 417 



(the upper sepal) ; calyx splitting to the base at maturity, the upper lip usu- 

 ally falling away. Corolla with an elongatoil curvctl asc-ending tube, dilated 

 at the throat, 2-lipped ; the upper lip arched, entire or barely notched, the lat- 

 eral lobes mostly connected with the upper rather than the lower lip ; the lower 

 lobe or lip spreading and convex, notched at the apex. Stamens 4, ascending 

 under the upper lip ; anthers approximate in pairs, ciliate or bearded, tlujse of 

 the lower stamens 1-celled (halved), of the upper 2-celled and heart shaped. — 

 Bitter perennial herbs, not aromatic, the short peduncles or pedicels ciiiefly 

 opposite, 1-flowered, often 1-sided, axillary or sjjiked or racemed ; in summer. 

 (Name from scntel/a, a dish, in allusion to the appendage to the fruiting calyx.) 

 § 1. Kutlets irimj/ess, mostly manjinless, on a low (jijnohase. 



* Floicers small {.3" Ion;/), in axillary and sometimes terminal \-sided racemes. 



1. S. Iaterifl6ra, L. (Mad-dog Skullcap.) Smooth; stem upright, 

 much branched (1-2° high) ; leaves lanceolate-ovate or ovate-oblong, pointed, 

 coarsely serrate, rounded at base, petioled (2-3' long), the lower floral ones 

 similar; flowers blue, rarely white. — Wet shaded places, common. 



* * Flowers larger (6-12" long) in terminal single or panicled racemes, the 



floral leaves gradually reduced to bracts. 



-t- Stem-leaves all cordate, crenate-toothed , slender-petioled ; lateral lobes of 



the corolla almost equalling the short upper lip. 



2. S. versicolor, Nutt. Soft hairy, the hairs of the inflorescence, etc., 

 partly viscid-glancrular ; stem mostly erect (I -3° high) ; leaves ovate or round- 

 ovate, very veiny, rugose, the floral reduced to broadly ovate entire bracts about 

 equalling the glandular-hairy calyx ; racemes mostly simple; corolla bright 

 blue with lower side and lip whitish. — Banks of streams, Fenn. to Wise, 

 Minn., and southward. — Var. minor, Chapm. Low, slender, and thin-leaved ; 

 floral leaves small. — Mountains of Va., etc. 



3. S. saxatilis, Riddell. Glabrous or slightly hairy; stem weak, ascend- 

 ing (6-18' long), often producing runners, branched; leaves ovate or ovate- 

 oblong (1-2' long), thin, obtuse; upper bracts oblong or ovate, small, entire; 

 raceme simple, loose. — Moist shaded banks, Del. to Ohio, south in the moun- 

 tains to Va. and Tenn. 



H- -*- Stem-leaves crenate-dentate or serrate (or nearly entire in n. 7), only the 

 loivest if any cordate at base, more or less petioled ; lateral lobes of the blue 

 corolla shorter than the galeate upper lip. 



4. S. serr^ta, Andrews. Green and nearly glabrous ; stem rather simple 

 (1-3° high), with single loosely flowered racemes; leaves serrate, acuminate 

 at both ends, ovate or ovate-oblong; calyx, etc., somewhat hairy; corolla 1' 

 long, narrow, its lips equal in length. — Woods, Penn. to 111. and N. C. 



5. S. candscens, Nutt. Stem branched above (2-4° high), with the 

 panicled many-flowered racemes, flowers, and the lower surface of the ovate or 

 lance-ovate acute (at the base acute, obtuse, or cordate) crenate leaves whitish 

 ivith flne soft down, often becoming ratiier glabrous ; bracts oblong or lan- 

 ceolate ; corolla 8-9"/o?2r7. — River-banks, Out. and Tenn. to the mountains 

 of N. C. and N. Ala., west to Kan. and Ark. 



6. S. pil6sa, Michx. Pubescent with spreading hairs ; stem nearly simple 

 (1-3° high); leaves rather distant, crenate, oblong-ovate, obti.se v:\rvinp- to 



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