424 PLANTAGINACE^. (PLANTAIN FAMILY.) 



6. P. maritima, L. Perennial; spikes deuse. — Coast of Mass.; Gulf 

 of St. Lawrence to Lab. and Greenland. (Eu-) 



* * Flowers of 2 sorts {as respects length of anthers and f laments) on different 

 plants, viostljj cleistogamous; corolla-lohes broad, rounded, persistently spread- 

 ing ; seeds 2, boat-shaped ; inflorescence and narrow leaves silky -pubescent 

 or woolly ; annual. 



7. P. Patagonica, Jacq., var. gnaphalioides, Gray. White with 

 silky wool; leaves 1 -3-uerved, varying from oblong-linear to filiform ; spike 

 very dense (i-4' long), woolly; bracts not exceeding the calyx; sepals very 

 obtuse, scarious, with a thick centre. — Prairies and dry plains, Minn, to Ind., 

 Ky., and Tex., Avestward to the Pacific. Very variable. — Var. nuda. Gray • 

 with sparse and loose pubescence, green and soon glabrate rigid leaves, and 

 short bracts. — Var. spinulosa, Gray; a canescent form with aristately pro- 

 longed and rigid bracts. — Var. aristXta, Gray; loosely hairy and green, or 

 becoming glabrous, with narrowly linear bracts 2-3 times the length of the 

 flowers. (Nat. on Martha's Vineyard, and about Boston.) 



§ 2. Floicers subdioecious or polygamo-cleistogamous ; the corolla in the fertile 

 (or mainly fertile) plant closed over the maturing capsule and forming a 

 kind of beak, and anthers not exserted ; sterile flowers ivith spreading corolla 

 and long-exserted f laments ; seeds mostly flat; small annuals or biennial. 



* Leaves comparatively broad, short-petioled or subsessile ; stamens 4. 



8. P. Virginica, L. Hairy or hoary -pubescent (2-9' high) ; leaves ob- 

 long, varying to obovate and spatulate-lanceolate, 3-5 nerved, slightly or 

 coarsely and sparingly toothed; spikes mostly dense (1-2' long); seeds usu- 

 ally 2. — Sandy grounds, S. New Eng. to S. 111., south to Fla. and Ariz. 



* * Leaves linear or filiform; fiowers very small ; stamens 2; spike slender. 



9. P. pusilla, Xutt. Minutely pubescent (1-4' high); leaves entire; 

 capsule short-ovoid, 4-seeded, little exceeding the calyx and bract. — Sandy 

 soil, southern N. Y. to Va., west to the Rocky Mts. Apr.- Aug. 



1 0. P. heterophylla, Xutt. Leaves rather fleshy, acute, entire, or some 

 of them below 2-4-lobed or toothed ; capsule oblong-conoidal, lO-2S-seeded, 

 nearly twice the length of the calyx and bract. — Low sandy ground, Penn. 

 to Fla. and Tex. Apr. -June. 



2. LITTORELLA, L. 



Flowers monoecious; the male solitary on a mostly simple naked scape; 

 calyx 4-parted, longer than the cylindraceous 4-cleft corolla ; stamens exserted 

 on very long capillar} filaments. Female flowers usually 2, sessile at the base 

 of the scape ; calyx of 3 or 4 unequal sepals ; corolla urn-shaped, with a 3 - 4- 

 toothed orifice. Ovary with a single cell and ovule, ti])ped witli a long later- 

 ally stigmatic style, maturing as an achene. (Name from litus or Itttus, shore, 

 from the place of growth.) 



1. L. laeiistris,, L. Stoloniferous but otherwise stemless ; leaves terete, 

 linearfsubu'ate, 1 -2'' long. — In water or on gravelly shores. Nova Scotia and 

 N. Bfi-unswick, to L. Champlain (Pr ingle) and Out. 



