CONIFEK.^-:. (I'lNK FAMILY.) 491 



to N. Ga., western N. V. and E. Ky. — A tree 30-80° high, with very rough 

 dark bark and hard resinous wood ; sterile flowers shorter ; scales 6-8. 

 ■*- +- Leaves In twos (some in threes in n. 4 and 7). 



4. P. pungens, Mii'hx. f. (Table Mountain Pink.) Leaves stout, short 

 (1^-2^' long), crowded, hluish, the sheath short (very short on old foliage); 

 cones ovate (3^' long), the scales armed with a strong hooked spine (J' lung). — 

 Alleghany Mts., Venn., to N. C. and Tenn. — A rather small tree (20 -GO'' 

 high) ; cones long-persistent. 



5. P. inops, Ait. (Jkrsey orScRun Pine.) Z^cri'fs s^o?-^ (1^-3' long) ; 

 cones oblong-conical, sometimes curved (2-3' long), the sr-rr/^.s tipped with a 

 straight or recurved awl-shaped prickle. — Barrens and sterile hills, Long Island 

 to S. C, mostly near the coast, west through Ky. to S. Ind. — A straggling 

 tree at the east, 15-40° high, with spreading or drooping branchlet.s; larger 

 westward. Young shoots with a purplish glaucous bloom. 



6. P. Banksi^na, Lambert. (Gray or Northern ScRi-n Pine.) Leaves 

 short (T long), ob/i<jue, divergent ; cones conical, oblong, usually curved (H-2' 

 long), smooth, the scales pointless. — Barren sandy soil, S. Maine and N. Vt. 

 to 8. Mich., central Minn., and northward. Straggling shrub or low tree. 



7. P. mitis, Michx. (Yellow Pine.) Z>fai-es sometimes in threes,//"OTO 

 long sheaths, slender (3-5' long); cones ovate- or oblong conical (liarely 2' 

 long), the scales ivith a minute weak prickle. — Usually dry or sandy soil, Staten 

 Island to F'la., S. Lid., S. E. Kan. and Tex. — A straight tree, 50- 100"^ high, 

 with dark green leaves more soft and slender than the preceding. The west- 

 ern form has more rigid leaves and more tuberculate and spiny cones, 



* * Cones terminal ; leaves long and slender, in twos or threes. 



8. P. resinbsa, Ait. (Red Pine.) Leaves in ^mos from long sheaths, 

 elongated {5-6' long), dark green; cones ovate-conical, smooth (about 2' long), 

 their sc(des slightlg thickened, poiiitless ; sterile flowers oblong-linear (6-9" 

 long), subtended by about 6 involucral .scales which are early deciduous by 

 an articulation above the base. — Dry woods, Mass. to X. Penn., Mich., and 

 ]\Iinn., and northward. — A tall tree, with reddish, j-athor smooth bark and 

 hard wood, not very resinous. 



9. P. paliistris, Mill. (Long-leaved, Yellow, or Georgia Pine.) 

 Leaves in threes from long slieaths, verg long (10- 15'), crowded at the summit 

 of very scaly branches; sterile flowers 2^-3' long, rose-purple; cones large, 

 cylindrical or conical-oblong (6- 10' long), the thick scales armed ivith a short 

 recurved spine. (P. australis, Michx.) — Sandy soil, S. Va. to Fla. and Tex. 

 A large tree, with thin-scaled bark and exceedingly hard and resinous wood. 



2. PICE A, Link. Sprice. 



Sterile flowers axillary (or sometimes terminal) on branchlets of the preced- 

 ing year; antiiers tipped witli a rounded recurved appemlage, their cells open- 

 ing lengtliwise. Fertile catkins and cones terminal; cones maturing the first 

 year, pendulous: their scales thin, not thickened nor prickly-tipped, persistent. 

 Leaves scattered, needle-shaped and keeled above and below (4-sided), pointing 

 every way. Otherwise nearly as in Pinus. (The classical Latin name.) 



1. P. nigra, Link. (Black Sprlce.) Branchlets pubescent ; leaves short 

 (usually 4 - 8" long), either dark green or glaucous-whitish ; cones ovate or ovate- 



