528 LILIACE.E. (lilt FAMILY.) 



2. U. grandiflora, Smith. Yellowish-green, not glaucous ; stem naked 

 or with a single leaf below the fork; leaves whitish-pubescent beneath, usually 

 somewhat acuminate; perianth -segments smooth within or nearly so (12-18" 

 long); stamens exceeding the St ijles, obtusely tipped; capsule obtusely lobed. 

 (U. flava, Smith.) — Rich woods, Canada to Ga., west to Minn, and Mo. 



19. O AXES I A, Watson. 



Flowers resembling those of Uvularia, but the segments obtuse or acutish, 

 carinately gibbous and without ridges within. Cap.sule membranous, ellipti- 

 cal, acutish at each end or shortly stipitate, triquetrous and acutely winged, 

 very tardily dehiscent. Seeds globose, with a very tumid spongy rhaphe. — 

 Stem acutely angled, from a slender creeping rootstock, with sessile clasping 

 leaves scabrous on the margin, and 1 or 2 flowers terminal on slender pedun- 

 cles but soon appearing opposite to the leaves by the growth of the branches. 

 (Dedicated to William Oakes.) 



1. O. sessilifolia, Watson. Leaves lance-oblong, acute at each end, 

 pale, glaucous beneath, sessile or partly clasping ; sepals 7-12" long ; anthers 

 ol)tuse ; capsule short-stipitate, 6-10" long. { Uvularia .sessilifolia, L.) — Low 

 woods, N. Brunswick to Fla., west to Minn., Neb. and Ark. 



2. O. puberula, Watson. Slightly puberulent ; leaves bright green both 

 sides and shining, oval, mostly rounded at base, with rouglier edges ; styles 

 separate to near the base, not exceeding the acute anthers ; capsule not stipi- 

 tate, 10-12" long. (Uvularia puberula, Michx.) — Mountains, Ya. to S. C. 



20. ERYTHRONIUM, L. Dog's-tooth Violet. 



Perianth lily-like, of 6 distinct lanceolate sepals, recurved or spreading 

 above, deciduous, the 3 inner usually with a callous tooth on each side of the 

 erect base, and a groove in the middle. Filaments 6, awl-shaped ; anthers 

 oblong-linear, continuing erect. Style elongated. Capsule obovate, con- 

 tracted at base, 3-valved, loculicidal. Seeds rather numerous, ovoid, with a 

 loose membranaceous tip. — Nearly stemless herbs, with two smooth and 

 shining flat leaves tapering into petioles and sheathing the base of the com- 

 monly one-flowered scape, rising from a deep solid-scaly bulb. Flowers rather 

 large, nodding, in spring. (The Greek name for the purple-flowered Euro- 

 pean species, from fpvOpos, red.) 



1. E. Americanum, Ker. (Yellow Adder's-toxgue.) Scape 6 -y 

 high ; leaves elliptical-lanceolate, pale green, mottled with purplish and whit- 

 ish and commonly minutely dotted ; perianth light yelloic, often spotted near 

 the base (10-20" long) ; style club-shaped; stigmas united. — Rich ground, 

 N. Brunswick to Fla., west to Minn, and Ark. 



2. E. albidum, Nutt. (White Dog's-tooth Violet.) Leaves ellip- 

 tical-laiiceulate, less or not at all spotted; perianth pinkish-ichite ; inner 

 divisions toothless ; style more slender except at the apex, bearing 3 sliort 

 spreading stigmas. — Rich ground, N. Y. to N. J., west to Minn, and Kan. 



3. E. propiillans, Gray. Offshoot arising from the stem, near the middle ; 

 leaves smaller and more acuminate; Jioicers bright rose-co/w, yelloAvish at base 

 (6" long) ; style slender ; stigmas united. — In rich soil, Minn, and Out. 



