1.11.IACK.K. (mlv family ) 531 



filaments (persistently green about the fruit) and anthers, exceeding the veri/ 

 !^'<n(^el• erector suherert and someirhat ro/iennt stii/nins ; fruit glolxtse, A -I' 

 long. — Rich woods, Vt. to N. C, west to Minn, and Mo. 



■^ -^ Pedicel short, recurved or strong! 1/ declinale ; jihimcnts slender, (ilmut 

 equalling the anther. 



5. T. c6rnuum, L. Leaves very broadly rhombic-ovate (2-4' broad); 

 petals white or pink, ovate- to oblong-lanceolate (G- 12" long), wavy, recnrved- 

 spreading; stamens with short anthers, shcrter than the stout recurved di.«<- 

 tinct stigmas; fruit ovate. — Moist woods, N. Kng. to Minn., south to (ja. 

 and Mo. 



* * Ovarii and fruit 3-iobed or angled, not winged ; Jilamenls slender, about 

 equalling the anthers; pedicel erect or inclined ; leaves petiolale. 



6. T. niv^le, Riddell. (I)wauf White T.) Small (2-4' high); leaves 

 oval nr orate, obtuse (1-2' long); pet(ds oblong, obtuse (6-1.')" long), white, 

 scarcely wavy, spreading from an erect base, equalliii;^ the peduncle; stvles 

 long and slender; fruit dei)res.sed globose, with 3 rounded lobes, 3-4" long. 

 — Kicli woods, W. Penn. and Ky. to Minn, and Iowa. 



7. T. erythrOC^rpum, ^lichx. (Painted T.) Leaves ovate, taper- 

 pointed; petals ovate or oval-lanceolate, pointed, icavji, widely spreading, ivhite 

 painted with purple stripes at the base, shorter than the peduucle ; fruit broad- 

 ovate, obtuse, 7 - 9" long. — Cold damp woods and bogs, N. Brunswick to Ga., 

 west to Wise, and Mo. 



24. HELONIAS, L. 



Flowers perfect. Periantli of 6 s))atulate-ol)]ong purple sepals, persistent, 

 several-nerved, glandloss, turning green, shorter than the thread-like filaments. 

 Anthers 2-celled, roundish-oval, blue, e.xtror.se. Styles revolute, stigmatic 

 down the inner side, deciduous. Capsule obcordately 3-lobed, loculicidally 

 3-valved ; the valves divergently 2-lobed. Seeds many in each cell, linear, with 

 a tapering appendage at both ends. — A smooth perennial, with many oblong- 

 spatulate or oblauceolate evergreen flat leaves, from a tuberous rootstock, pro- 

 ducing in early spring a stout hollow spar.sely bracteate scape (1-2° high), 

 sheathed with broad bracts at the base, and terminated by a simple and short 

 dense raceme. Bracts obsolete; pedicels shorter than the flowers. (Name 

 probably from f\os, a swamp, the place of growth.) 



1. H. bullclta, L. — Wet places, Penn. and N. J. to Va. ; rare and local. 



25. CHAMJELIRIUM, Will.l. Dkvu.VBit. 



Flowers dia'cious. Perianth of 6 spatulate-linear (white) s])reading I -nerved 

 sepals, withering-persistent. Filaments and (white) anthers, as in Ilelonias; 

 fertile flowers with rudimentary stamens. Styles linear-club-shaped, stig- 

 matic along the inner side. Capsule ovoid-oblong, not lobed, of a thin tex- 

 ture, loculicidally 3-valved from the apex, many-seeded. Seeds linear-oblong, 

 winged at each end. — Smooth herb, with a wand-like stem from a (bitter) 

 thick and abrupt tuberous rootstock, terminated by a long wand-like spii<ed 

 raceme (4-12' long) of small bractless flowers; fertile plant more Icafv than 

 the staminate. Leaves flat, lanceolate, the lowest spatulate, tapering into a 



