CVI'KUACE^E. (S1:D(JE FAMILY.) 573 



2. KYLLINGA, Kottbodl. (I'l. 1.) 



Spikelets of 3 or 4 two-ranked scales, 1 - l^-Howered ; the 2 lower scales 

 minute and empty, as in Cyperus, § 4, but style oftener 2-(k*ft and achene 

 lenticular; spikes densely aggregated in solitary or triple sessile heads. — 

 Culms leafy at liase ; involucre 3-leaved. (Named after Peter Ki/lling, a Dan- 

 ish botanist of the 1 7th century.) 



1. K. pumila, Michx. Annual; culms 2-9' high; head globular or 

 3-lol)cd, whitisli-green (about 4" broad), spikelets strictly 1-Howered; upj)er 

 scales ovate, pointed, rough on tlie keel ; stamens and styles 2; leaves linear 

 — Low grounds, Ohio to 111., south to Fla. and Tex. Aug. 



3. DULICHIUM, Pers. (PI. 1.) 



Spikelets many- (6- 10) flowered, linear, flattened, sessile in 2 ranks on ax- 

 illary solitary peduncles emerging from the sheaths of the leaves ; scales 2- 

 ranked, lanceolate, decurrent, forming flat wing-like margins on the joint below. 

 Perianth of 6 - 9 downwardly l)arbed bristles. Stamens 3. Style 2-cleft above. 

 Achene flattened, linear-oblong, beaked with the long jK'rsistent style. — A 

 perennial herb, with a terete simple hollow culm (1-2° high), jointed and 

 leafy to the summit; leaves short and flat, linear, 3-ranked. (An alteration 

 of Dulckltinum, an old name for a species of Cypenis.) 



1. D. spath^ceum, Pers. — Borders of ponds, N. Scotia to Fla., west to 

 Minn, and Tex. July -Sept. 



4. ELEdCHARIS, K.Br. Spike-Risii. (PI. 3.) 



Spikelet single, terminating the naked culm, many -several-flowered. Scales 

 imbricated all round in many (rarely in 2 or 3) ranks. Perianth of 3 - 12 (com- 

 monly 6) bristles, usually rough or barbed downward, rarely obsolete. Sta- 

 mens 2-3. Style 2-3-cleft, its bulbous base persistent as a tubercle jointed 

 upon the apex of the lenticular or triangular achene. — Leafless, chieflv per- 

 ennial, with tufted culms sheathed at the base, from matted or creeping root- 

 stocks ; flowering in summer. (Name from 6\os, a marsh, and x«'P'«'. '<^ delight 

 in; being marsh plants.) 



§ 1. Spikelet terete, hardlij if at all thicker than the spongy -cellular culm ; scales 

 Jirmlfi persistent; style mostly 3-cleft ; hristles 6 {rarely l),Jirm or rigid, 

 mostly barbed downward, ecjnallingor surpassing the triangular or lenticular 

 achene. 



* Spikelet linear or lanceolate-awl-shaped, few-JJowered ; scales (only 3-9) few- 

 ranked, convolute-clasping the long fattened joints of the axis, lanceolate, 

 herbaceous {green) and several-nerved on the back, and with thin scarious 

 margins. 



1. E. Robbinsii, Oakes. Flower-bearing culms exactly triangular, rather 

 stout, erect (8'- 2^ liigh), also producing tufts of capillary abortive stems or 

 fine leaves, which float in the water; sheath oblicpiely truncate; .spikelet 4- 

 10" long; achene oblong-obovate, triangular, minutely reticulated, about half 

 the length of the bristles, tipped with a flattened awl-shaped tubercle. — Shal- 

 low water, X. Eng. to Fla. 



