CYPERACE/E. (sED(;E FAMILY.) 503 



to Oa. ; rare eastward. — In var. iiispfoLLA, Gray, tlie jjeri^yuium is sparsely 

 liispklulous. 



7. C. lupulina, Muhl. Very stout and leafy ; leaves rather broad and 

 loose; pistillate spikes 2-G, approximate at the top of the culm, all closely 

 sessile or the lower sometimes slu)rt-pe(lunc'led, oblong or short-cylindrical, 

 very heavy and densely flowered ; staminate spike small and sessile; peri- 

 gynium large and rather soft, erect or but slightly spreading, giving the spike 

 a hop-like aspect (whence the name). (C. lurida, Bailei/.) — !Swamj)s and wet 

 pastures ; frequent. 



Var. peduncul^ta, Dewey. Spikes more or less scattered, some or all 

 prominently ixmIuhcUmI ; staminate spike usually conspicuous, often long- 

 peduucled, very variable in size ; perigynium more spreading. (C. gigautea, 

 Rudye.) — With the species, but more common. 



Var. polystachya, Schwein. & Torr. Stouter, the leaves very broad 

 (often I') ; bracts broad and far exceeding the culm ; pistillate spikes 4-6, 

 all long (3-4') and cylindrical, more or less short-peduncled, somewhat scat- 

 tered, becoming yellow ; perigynium very large, ascending. (C. lupuliftjrmis, 

 Sartw.) — N. Y. and N. J. ; not common. 



C. LUPULiNA X RETRousA, Dudley. Distinguished from C. lupulina by its 

 straw-colored perigynium, which is less inflated and more spreading, standing 

 at nearly right angles to the axis of the spike; scales acute to short-awned, 

 rough. (C. lurida X retrorsa, Bailey). — Ithaca, N. Y. {Dudley), aud Lansing, 

 Mich. {Bailey). Resembles n. 16. 



8. C. grandis, Bailey. Distinguished from C. lupulina, var. polystachya, 

 by its much more scattered and mostly sliorter slim spikes, which are com- 

 paratively loosely flowered ; perigynium swollen below but very abruptly con- 

 tracted into a slender beak 3-4 times as long as the body, spreading at right 

 angles or nearly so, never becoming yellow; scales narrow, smooth. (C. gi- 

 gautea of previ<jus editions.) — Swamps, Ky., Del., aud southward ; local. 



* 1. — + 3. Vesicarite. 

 ■M. Spikes very small, globular or shnrt-oldony . 



9. C. oligOSp6rma, Michx. Very slender, but stiff, 18-30' high; 

 leaves and bracts very narrow, becoming involute; staminate spike single, 

 peduncled ; pistillate spikes 1 or 2, sessile or the lowest very short-peduncled, 

 3-8-flowered; perigynium turgid, short-ovoid, gradually contracted into a 

 very short and minutely toothed beak, prominently few-nerved, yellow, nearly 

 twice longer than the blunt scale. — Deep swamps and borders of lakes, N. 

 Eng. to Penii. and Minn. ; frequent. 



10. C. miliaris, Michx. Culm very slender but erect, 12-18' high, 

 smooth, or slightly rough above on the angles ; leaves almost filiform, mostly 

 shorter than the culm; staminate spikes 1-2, exceedingly narrow, elevated 

 an inch or two; pistillate S])ikes 1-3, the upper one sessile and the lowest 

 very short-stalked, 9" long or less, the lower subtended by a short leafy bract ; 

 perigynium very small, broad- or round-ovate or ovate-oblong, thin but firm, 

 bearing a nerve on each side but otherwise nerveless or very nearly so, rounded 

 into a very short terete entire or .somewhat erose beak ; scales brown, lance- 

 ovate, white tipped, about as long as tlie perigynium. (C. rotundata '. of last 

 ed.) — Outlet of Moosehead Lake, Maine, and uorthward. 



38 



