CYPERACE^. (sedge FAMil.i'.) 60'J 



peri^ynium very large and very sharply angled, the heak ohli(|ue, finely many- 

 nerved, twice longer than the sharp scale. — Rich woods, N. Eng. to Mich., 

 and southward to Washington ; rare. 



++ ++ Sheaths usually purple. 



74. C. plantaginea, Lam. Slender but erect, 1-2° high; leaves ^-1' 

 hnxul, very tirni, appearing after the flowers and persisting over winter, shorter 

 than the culm; staniinate spike purple and clavate, stalked; pistillate spikes 

 .3-4, scattered, loosely few-llowcred, erect, the peduncles included in the leaf- 

 less sheaths ; perigynium smaller than in n. 73, prominently l)eaked, about as 

 long as the sharp scale. — Rich woods, N. Eng. to Wise, and southward ; local. 



* 6. — +-3. Panlceiv. 

 ++ Benk ('ijlindrlcal and prominent ; plant not glaucous. 



75. C. Saltuensis, Bailey. Very slender and more or less diffuse, strongly 

 stoloniferous, 1-1^ higli ; leaves narrow and soft, shorter than the culm; 

 spikes 2-3, scattered, all peduncled and more or less spreading, loosely 3 - 10- 

 flowered; perigynium small, nearly nerveless, thin, the beak straight and 

 sliarply toothed ; scale loose, acute, sliorter than the perigynium. (C. vagi- 

 nata, last ed.) —Deep swamps, Vt. to Minn.; local. 



76. C. polymorpha, Mulil. Stout, 1-2^ high; leaves rather broad, 

 short; spikes 1-2, short-sLalked, erect, compact or rarely loose, usuallv 

 staminate at the apex, lY long or less; perigynium long-ovate, obscurely 

 nerved; the very long and nearly straight beak oblicpie or lipped at the ori- 

 fice ; scale reddi-^h-brown, obtuse, shorter than the perigynium. — Moist 

 meadows, Mass. to N. C. ; local. 



t-«- ++ Beak .short or none ; plant often (jlaucous. 

 = Plants of ordinary habit. 



77. C. tetanica, Sclikuhr. Rather slender, rarely glaucous, somewhat 

 stoloniferous ; culm scabrous, at least above ; spikes all peduncled, the upper 

 one very shortly so, pale, all more or less attenuate below, the lower borne in 

 the axils of bracts 3' long or more ; perigynium not turgid, greenish, promi- 

 nently many-nerved, the Ijeak strongly bent ; scale obtuse or abruptly mucro- 

 nate, all except the lowest mostly sliorter than the perigynium. — Meadows 

 and borders of ponds from W. Mass. westward ; common westward. — Yar. 

 W06DII, Bailey. Very slender and strongly stoloniferous; leaves narrow, 

 very long and lax; spikes mostly alternately flowered throughout; scales 

 often sharper. (C. Woodii, Deweij.) Rich woods, N. Y. to Mich., and south 

 to Washington; frequent. — Yar. M^adii, Bailey. Stiffer; leaves mostly 

 broader and stricter ; spikes thick and densely flowered, not attenuate at base, 

 the upper one often sessile; perigynium larger. (C. Meadii, iJeivei/.) R. I. 

 to Neb., and southward; rare eastward. — Yar. CAnbvi, Porter. Stout and 

 stiff ; leaves still broader (about 2" wide) and flat ; spikes thick, often ^' wide ; 

 perigynium long, straight or very nearly so; scale large, nearly equalling or 

 exceeding the perigynium. E. Penn. (Canbi/) ; HI. and Wise. ; little known. 



C. p.vNfciEA, L. Strict, often stiff, glaucous-blue 1 - 2° high ; culm smooth ; 

 bracts 1 - 2' long ; sjjikes 1 -3, scattered, coK)r('il, peduncled, erect, rather com- 

 pact or loose below, seldom 1' long ; perigynium ovoid, vellow or ])urplc', some- 

 what turgid, scarcely nerved, the point usually curved, mostly longer than the 

 purple-margined scjile. — Fields, E. Mass. and R. I. (Nat. from Eu.) 



38 



