CYPEKACE^. (sedge FAMILY.) G17 



nil aorjrre^ated, rarely tawny; perigynium heavy, ovate, thin and shining, 

 ncrvfk'ss, the long beak minutely rougli. spreading, a little longer than tlio 

 sharp green or brownisli scale. — Dry fields, E. Mass., where it is connnou, 

 and sparingly south and westward to V'a. and Ohio. (Nat. from Eu.) 



•M- ++ Heads shurt-oblony or globular, the spikes all ayyreyated, or only the lowest 



one or two separate. 



= Plant very stiff throughout. 



112. C. Muhlenb6rgii, Schkuhr. Pale, growing in small tufts, 1-2^'^ 

 high ; culms much ])rolonged beyond the few narrow and at length involute 

 leaves; head f long or less, the individual spikes clearly defined; spikes 

 globular, 4 - 8 ; ])erigynium nearly circular, very strongly nerved on both 

 faces, broader than the rough-cusj)idate scale and about as long. — Open ster- 

 ile soils; frequent. — Var. exeuvis, Boott. Perigynium nearly or entirely 

 nerveless. JSoutheasteru N. Y., and southward ; rare. 



= = Plant strict but not stiff. 



113. C. cephaloidea, Dewey. Lax, very green, 2-3° high; leaves 

 broad (2-3") and thin, shorter than the long culm ; head rather loose, f long 

 or more, all but the very uppermost s])ikes clearly defined ; perigynium ovate, 

 entirely nerveless, long rough-pointed, spreading, twice longer than the very 

 tliin scale or more. — Shady banks, W. Mass. to Mich.; frequent. 



114. C. cephalophora, Muhl. Mostly smaller and stricter, pale ; leaves 

 half as wide or less ; head small, rarely Y lt)"ff, globular or very short-oblong, 

 never interrupted, the lower 1 or 2 spikes usually bearing a very setaceous 

 short bract ; perigynium twice smaller than in the last, scarcely longer than 

 the rough-cuspidate scale. — Dry and mostly sterile knolls ; common. 



Var. angUStifolia, Boott. Low, 8' high or less; leaves very narrow ; head 

 smaller, usually tawny; perigynium mostly broader. — West and southward ; 

 rare. 



* 11. — t- G. Dioicce. 



++ Perigynium nen^eless or very nearly so. 



115. C. capitata, L. Rigid, 3'-l° high; leaves filiform, shorter than 

 the culm ; head globular, uniformly staminate above, brown, very small ; peri- 

 gynium broadly ovate, very thin, whitish, prominently beaked, erect and ap- 

 pressed, longer than the very thin and obtuse scale. — Alpine summits of the 

 White Mountains. (Eu.) 



•M- ++ Perigynium prominently nerved. 



IIG. C. gyn6crates, Wormsk. Stiff but very slender, 3-6' high, dice 

 cious ; leaves filiform and setaceous, al)0ut the length of the culm; spike ob. 

 long, 2-4" long; perigynium elliptic-ovate, nearly terete, stipitate, widely 

 spreading or reflexed at maturity, 1 or 2 sometimes borne at the base of the 

 staminate spike. — Cold sphagnum swamp.s, Penu., north and westward; local, 

 particularly southward. 



117. C. exilis, Dewey. Very stiff, slender. 1 -2*^ higli ; leaves involute- 

 filiform and very stiff, shorter than the culm ; spike varying from almost 

 glo1)ular to cylindrical (frequently 1' long), either unisexual or the sexes vari- 

 ously placed, very rarely a sup])lementary spike at base ; perigynium elliptic- 

 ovate, flattish, stipitate and somewhat cordate at base, strongly brown-nerved 



