GRAMINE.1^. ( GRASS FAMILY.) 651 



base of the firm-wembmnareous Jlowerhtf/ glume, wliith bears near its base a 

 twisted aim of its own length. (])eyeuxia I'orteri, I'aseij.) — Dry •woods, 

 rulj)it Kocks and vicinity, Huntingdon Co., I'enn., Pro/. T. C. Porter. 



8. C. Pickeringii, Gray. Culm l - 1^° h\frh ■ leaves short ; jxinick py- 

 ramidal, purjjlish; glumes ovate-oblong, bluntish or bluntly pointed (1^-2" 

 long) ; hairs both of thtjiower and of the rudimdd verji short and scanty, one 

 fourth or fifth the length of the flower, none behind the obtuse flowering glume, 

 which bears between its middle and base a short stout (straight or bent, not 

 twisted) awn. (l)eyeuxia Pickeringii, ]''(isei/.) — White Mts., in the alpine 

 region of Mt. Washington, and a mure luxuriant form with smaller spikelets 

 at Echo Lake, Franconia; Audover, Mass. (J. liobiuson) ; Cape Breton. 



§2. CALAMOVf LFA. Rudiment of second flower wantitu/ ; (jlumes and 

 palet rather rlmrtaceous, compressed-keeled ; flowering glume \-nerved, en- 

 tireli/ awnless ; palet strongly/ 2-keeled ; panicle at length open and loose. 



9. C. brevipilis, Gray. Branches of the diffuse pyramidal panicle cap- 

 illary (purplish); empty glumes ovate, nmcronate ; the upper .<;lightly, the 

 lower nearly one half sliorter than the flowering glume aud palet, which are 

 more than twice the length of the hairs and bristlij-bearded along the keels. 

 (Ammophila brevipilis, Benlh.) — Sandy swamps, pine-barrens of N. J. ; rare. 

 Sept. — Culm 2-4° high; leaves nearly flat; spikelets 2" long. 



10. C. longifblia, Hook. Culm (l -4"^ high) stout, from thick running 

 rootstocks; hares rigid, elongated, involute above and tapering into a long 

 thread-like point ; panicle at first close, becoming open and pyramidal, the 

 branches smooth ; glumes lanceolate, the upper as long as the flower, the lower 

 ^ shorter ; the copious hairs more than half the length of the naked flower. (Am- 

 mophila longifolia, Benth.) — Sands, along the upper Great Lakes, from 111. 

 and Mich, to Dak., Kan., and westward. Aug. — Spikelets 2^-3" long. 



34. AMMdPHILA, Host. (PI. 1.5.) 

 Spikelets large, in a contracted spike-like panicle, l-flowered, with a pedicel- 

 like rudiment of a second flower (plumose above), the flower hairy-tufted at 

 base. Empty glumes .scariou.s-chartaceous, lanceolate, compre.'^.sed-keeled, 

 nearly equal ; flowering glume and palet similar, a little shorter, the glume 

 .')-ncrved, slightly mucronate or obscurely awned near the tip, the palet 2- 

 keeled. — A coarse perennial maritime species, with running rootstocks. 

 (Name from fi^^os, sand, and <pi\^o), to love.) 



1. A. arundin^cea, Host. (Ska SAvn-RKF.n.) Culm stout and rigid 

 (2-3° high) from Arm running rootstocks ; leaves long, soon involute ; panicle 

 contracted into a dense cylindrical spike (5 -9' long); spikelets 5 -G" long; 

 hairs only one third of the length of the flower. (Calamagrostis arenaria. 

 Roth.) — Sandy beaches, N. J. to Maine and northward, and on the Great 

 Lakes. Aug. (Eu.) 



35. ARRHENATHERUM, Beauv. Oat-Grass. (PI. 12.) 



Spikelets open-panicled, 2-flowcrod, with the rudiment of a third flower; the 

 middle flower perfect, its glume barely bristU'-i)()int('(l from near the tijj; the 

 lowest flower staminate only, Itcarin^ a long Itent awn below the middle of 

 the back (whence the name, from &pf>-ni', masculine, an<l ad-ffp, awn) ; — other- 

 Avise as in Avena, of which it is only a jieculiar modification. 



