718 JUNGERMANNIACE.E. (sCALE-MOSSES.) 



leaves 2 or 4. Perianth terete, the lower half thickened. Calvptra fleshy, con- 

 fluent with the perianth for | its length. Capsule oval. Antheridia 1 or 2 iu 

 the axils of bracts terminal on slender branches. (Name from dp-rrr), a sickle, 

 and avdosjjloicer.) 



1. H. SCUtatuS, Spruce. Stems filiform, decumbent, usually simple; 

 leaves smaller at the base and apex of the stems, roundish-ovate, concave, 

 sharply bidentate, the apex lunate or acute ; underleaves large, acuminate 

 mvolucral leaves two, 2-3-cleft, the upper adnate to the perianth; perianth 

 ovate, becoming obovate, obscurely 3 - 4-plicate, splitting above on one side ; 

 capsule deep brown. (Jungermanuia scutata, Weber.) — On rotten logs in 

 damp places ; common. (Eu.) 



H. Flotoviaxus, Nees. (PI. 23.) Stems flexuous, procumbent, mostly 

 un branched ; leaves ovate-orbicular, horizontal, the apex contracted and eraar- 

 ginate with a shallow sinus ; underleaves large, ovate or lanceolate, obliquely 

 inserted, entire or more often toothed on one or both sides near the middle ; 

 diut'cious; perianth subcylindric, slightly sickle-shaped, the mouth pointed at 

 first, notched on one side and finally crenulate ; antheridia elliptic, single in 

 the Jjase of swollen leaves. ( Pleuranthe olivacea, Taj/l.) — " North America " 

 (Drummond), but not collected recently; certainly extralimital. 



23. LIOCHL^NA, Nees. (PL 25.) 



Leaves succubous, ovate-oblong, entire or slightly retuse ; underleaves none. 

 Dioecious or monoecious. Involucral leaves 2 or 4, like the cauliue ; perianth 

 pj^riform, becoming cylindric, incurved, abruptly rounded at the summit, 

 the minute orifice prominently ciliolate. Capsule oblong, long-exserted. 

 Elaters attached to the middle of the valves. Spores minute, globose. An- 

 theridia in the axils of ordinary leaves. Archegonia 5-12. (Name from 

 \e7os, smooth, and xAali/a, a cloak, referring to the perianth.) 



1. L. laneeolata, Nees. Closely creeping, branched ; leaves sometimes 

 decurrent ; involucral leaves vertical ; perianth at right angles with the stem ; 

 mona'cious. — On banks and rotten logs; not rare. (Ku.) 



24. JUNQERMANNIA, Micheli. (PI. 25.) 



Leaves succubous, rarely subtransverse, entire, lobed or dentate, the margins 

 never recurved ; underleaves present or none. Dioecious or monoecious. Fruit 

 terminal. Involucral leaves 4 or fewer, like the cauline or more incised, free ; 

 perianth laterally compressed or terete, usually 3- 10-carinate, the usually 

 small mouth entire or toothed. Calyptra oval-pyriform. Capsule globose or 

 oblong, rarely cylindric. Spores minute, smooth or roughish. Archegonia 

 8-70. (Named for L. Junqermnnn, a German botanist of the 17th century.) 

 § 1. JUNGERMANNIA proper. Leaves orbicular or ovate, entire or barely 

 retuse ; underleaves none {veri/ small in n. 1). 



1. J. Sehraderi, Martins. (PI. 25.) Creeping, flexuous ; leaves round- 

 elliptic, entire, ascending ; underleaves broadly subulate, not apparent on old 

 stems ; involucral leaves large, elongated, the inner smaller and more or less 

 laciniate ; perianth oval-obovate, ascending. — On the ground and rotten logs; 

 common. (Eu.) 



2. J. sphserocarpa, Hook. Stems creeping, the tips ascending, sub- 

 simple, greenish ; leaves semi-vertical, rather rigid, orbicular, obliquely spread- 



