MARCH ANTIACE^:. (LIVERWORTS.) 727 



2. NOTOTHYLAS, Sulliv. (PI. 22.) 



Thallus orMcuhir, temler, liiciniute jiiid luiilulale or crispod, ijaitillo.sorcticu- 

 late, Mona'ciuus. Involucre sessile, cciitiiiiums with the thallus, oixuiug 

 irre<;ularly ahove. Capsule very short, ol)loii<;-f;lol)ose or ovateH-ylimlrir, |K.(li- 

 celled from a thickened hulh, 2-valved to the middle or rupturing; irre<;ularlv. 

 Klaters none, or fra<;montary and inconspicuous. Spores snl);;lol)o.s(', smooth- 

 ish. Antheridia clliptic-gloliose, immersc^d in the thallus. (Name irum vStros, 

 the bach, and OvXas, <i lidij, from the shape and position of the involucre.) 



1. N. orbicularis, Sulliv. (11. 22.) Thallus 3 -8" wide; ciijisules 1 - 

 2" long, erect or decurved, wholly included or slightly exscrted, of lliin and 

 loose texture, with a suture on each side; spores light yellowish-brown. (In- 

 cluding N. valvata, Sullir.) — Wet places, Canada to the (Julf. 



2. N. melanospora, Sulliv. Thallus small, depres.sed or sometimes 

 cespitose, of lax texture ; capsule often without sutures; spores dark brown, 

 a half larger. — Moist ground, Ohio (Sullivant). 



Ordi-k i:jl). MARCHANTlACE^. Livkiiwokts. 



Plant-body a thallus, dichotonious or subpalmately branching, usually 

 innovating from the apex or beneath it, more or less thickened in the 

 middle, and bearing numerous rootlets beneath and usually colored or 

 imbricating scales. Epidermis usually more or less distinct and strongly 

 porose above. Capsules globose, rarely oval, opening irregularly, j)en- 

 dent from the under side of a peduncled disk-like receptacle {carpocepha- 

 lum). Elaters present, mostly 2-spiral. 



* Thallus plainly costate, distiaotly porose except in n. 6. 

 ■t- GemmjE present on sterile stems. 



1. Marchantia. Gem nije in cup-shaped receptacles. Fertile rccoptacle 7- 11-nij'ed. 



8 Luniilariii. Gemmae in orcscent-.shaped reccpt^ncles. Fertile receptacle cruciform. 

 ■•- ••- Gemmuj wanting. 

 ■M- Receptacle conic-licmisplicrical, 2-4-lol»cd ; perianth lobod or frinpcd. 



2. Preigsia. Receptacle 2 -4-lobed, with as many altornatfl rib-like niys. Tcrianth 4-5- 



l..hc<l. 



3. Fiinbriaria. Receptacle 4-lobed. Perianth conspicuous, split into 8-16 fringe-like 



sc^'incnts. 



■H- ++ Receptacle more or less conical ; perianth none. 



4. Conocophalus. Thallus very large, strongly areolate. Receptacle conical, niembranoas. 



5. Griinaldia. Thallus small. Peduncle chaffy at b.ise and apex. Receptacle conic- 



hcmis])licric, tnincatcly 3-4-lobed. 

 G. Asterella. i'liallus cporo.sc. Receptacle conic-hemisjiheric, becoming flattened, acutely 



4-{l-6-)lobed. 



• * Thallus thin, ecnstate or b.irely costite. 

 7. Dumortiera. Receptacle convex, 2- S-lobed. IVrianlli none. 



1. MARCHANTIA, Marchant f. (PI. 22.) 



Thallus large, forking, areolate. porose, with broad diffused midrib; gemmai 

 in a cup-shaped receptacle. Dioecious. Fertile receptacle peduncled from an 

 aj)ical sinus of the thallus, radiately lobed. Involucres alti-rnate with the niys. 

 membranous, lacerate, enclosing 3-6 1-fruited cleft perianths. Calyptra per 



