MARCHANTIACK.K. ( MVKIIWORTS. ) 729 



1. C. c6nicus, Dumort. Thallus 2-6' lonp, j-J' wide; receptacle 

 conic, striate, creuate. (Kci^atolla conira, Conla.) — Sliadv bankti ; cuiuuiuii. 

 (Ku.) 



5. GRIMALDIA, Kad.li. (IM. 2.3.) 



Thallns tliii k, more or less cliannelkMl, tlieliotoinons, innovating from the 

 apex, with thick epiilerniis, closely areolate and porose-scabruus alnjve, purple 

 and more or less scaly heneath ; gennna; none. Monircious or dia'ci<»us. Hc- 

 cejjtade peduncled, hemispherical or conoidal, 3 - 4-lohe<l. Involucres as many, 

 1-fruited, each a distention of the lohc. Capsule filling the involucre, circum- 

 scissile in the middle, the calyptra persistent at its ba.se. Antheridia in au 

 oval or obcordate disk immersed iu the apex of the thiUlus. (Named for D. 

 Griinahli, an Italian botanist.) 



1. G. b&rbifrons, Bisch. (PI. 2.3.) Thalluslinear()bcuneate,.3-6"long, 

 1 -2" wide, 2-lobcd at tlie apex, pale green with usually distinct whitish pores, 

 the scales beneath often extending far beyond the margin and becoming 

 whitish ; peduncle profusely chaffy at base and apex, sometimes much re- 

 duced ; antheridial disks obcordate. (Including G. sessilis, Sul/ir.) — Thin 

 soil on rocks, Conn, and X. J. to I<nva ; rare or local. (Vai.) 



2. G. rup^Stris, Lindenb. Thallns 3- 6" long, I -.3" wide, with mem- 

 branous margins; receptacle small, hemispherical, 1 -4-fruited, the peduncle 

 about r high, sparingly scaly at base, barbulate at the apex ; involucre short, 

 crenulate ; spores tuberculate. (Duvalia rupestris, Xees.) — On calcareous or 

 shaly rocks, N. Y. and Ohio. (Eu.) 



6. ASTERELLA, Beauv. (PI. 22.) 



Thallus rigid, very indistinctly porose, the midrib broad, strong and distinct. 

 Receptacle conic-hemispheric, becoming flattened, 1-6- (usually 4) loled. 

 Monoecious. Involucres coherent with the lobes, 1-fruited, 2-valved. Calyp- 

 tra minute, lacerate, persistent at the base of the capsule. Capsule greenish, 

 rupturing by irregular narrow teeth or by a fragmentary operculum. Elaters 

 moderately long, mostly 2-s})iral. Spores tuberculate. Antheridia iu sessile 

 lunate disks. (Diminutive of astrr, a star, from the form of tlie receptacle.) 



1. A. hemisphaerica, Heauv. Thallus forking ami increasing by joints, 

 pale green, purple beneath ; receptacle papillose on the summit (less so at ma- 

 turity) ; peduncle bearded at base and apex, J - 1' long, often 2-3 times longer 

 after maturity. (Reboulia hemispluerica, liaddl.) — Shaded banks, chiefly 

 along streams; more common southward. — A smaller form or perhaps vari- 

 ety (Keboulia microcephala, AVe.s; K. Sullivantii, Z-f/jw.) occurs in Penn., 

 Ohio, and southward. (Ku.) 



7. DUMORTIERA, Nees. (PI. 22.) 



Thallus large, thin, soft, with a slight costa, dichotomous, usually with scat- 

 tered hail-like rootlets beneath ; gemmai none. Receptacle convex, 2 - 8-lobed. 

 Involucres I -fruited, connate with the lobes beneath, horizontal, opening by a 

 vertical terminal slit. Capsule distinctly pedicelled, ol)long-globose, dehiscing 

 by 4-6 irregular valves. Elaters 2-3-spiral, |)arietal, very long, straight, at- 

 tenuate both way.s. Spores muriculate. Antheridia in a short peduncled disk 

 paleaceous beneath. (Named for B. C Dumorticr, a Belgian botanist.) 



