loading good components Imperfecdy. Further, it was 

 proved that many of these faults could be, and were, 

 caused by the liability to human error in the use of the 

 various hand apparatus in general use. 



The fir^ desideratum, therefore, was an automatic 

 loading machine that would eliminate the human error. 

 This they were unable to find already invented. Accor- 

 dingly the Company's engineers designed an automatic 

 loading machine which throws powder and shot charges, 

 with unfailing regularity, within a margm of less than 

 half a grain toleration. At the same time the wads are 

 accurately placed in the cartridge and pressed, not to a 

 set level as in hand machines, but to a set pressure. 



Next, it was found that although the recommended 

 loads for the different powders in different cases gave a 

 satisfadtory average of results over a season, yet different 

 batches of pov/der or cases, if loaded according to these 

 set rules, gave very different individual results. 



It was therefore determined that loading should be 

 controlled, not by regulating the charges accordmg to 

 recommendations of the various manufadurers, but ac- 

 cording to the actual results obtained from each batch 

 of the various components bought. In other words, the 

 rule of loading from results instead of formula was 

 adopted. 



Thus, in a box of Kynoch loaded cartridges, it is 

 possible to find different weights of powder charges, 

 whereas in another make of ammunition the powder 

 charges will all be uniform, yet the velocities of Kynoch 

 cartridges will be regular and the velocities of the other 

 ammunition up and down. This is one of the great 



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