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perfect control. However, a strong, powerful pump to- 

 gether with strong durable hose and efficient nozzles are 

 very important factors in making thorough applications. 

 The nozzle, although really the business end of the spray 

 outfit is very often slighted. With inefficient nozzles the 

 most industrious and careful man is seriously handicapped. 

 On the other hand, a man who moves slowly may waste 

 valuable material unless provided with a suitable nozzle. 

 We find it a great advantage to have nozzles that may be 

 changed to regulate the amount and fineness of the spray 

 according to the size and character of the trees to be 

 sprayed, the outfit used, and the speed of the men who di- 

 rect the nozzles. W^ith the disc type of nozzle this may be 

 accomplished by providing several discs having apertures 

 of different sizes, while with the Bordeaux type of nozzle 

 provision is made whereby the nozzle may be accurately ad- 

 justed. The importance of the nozzle in regulating the 

 amount of material necessary to cover a certain number of 

 trees is shown by the following figures. In our experiment- 

 al peach orchard at Yineland, N. J., fifty gallons of self- 

 boiled lime-sulfur were required to cover seventy well 

 pruned three-year-old trees when using Simplex nozzles 

 supplied with discs having an aperture two millimeters in 

 diameter, while just twice the number of trees or 140, were 

 sprayed with the same amount of material ivhen Simplex 

 nozzles having an aperture only one millimeter in diametet 

 were used. The time required to actually spray 140 trees 

 with one nozzle was just tAvice as long as the time required 

 to spray 70 trees with the other nozzle. Frequently the 

 time required to fill the spray tank is almost equal to tho 

 time required to apply the material, and if the amount of 

 material will cover double the number of trees by using a 

 disc or cap with a smaller aperture both time and material 

 are saved. If the one who directs the spray nozzle does not 

 move it as rapidly as the spray covers the branch, material is 

 wasted. To illustrate this point let me cite another test 

 with peach trees. It was found that 125 gallons of mixture 



