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disease at which an aiiplicatioii of the proper spray material 

 will do the most good, while the same material applied with 

 usual care at any other time would be just so much time and 

 material thrown away. The successful fruit grower acquires 

 a practical knowledge of the life history of the more im- 

 portant insects and fungi, and acts accordingly. We all 

 know that spraying as a preventative is more efficient than 

 spraying to check the spread of an insect or a disease after 

 it has made its appearance. This is particularly true of 

 spraying to control fungous diseases such as peach leaf curl, 

 apple scab and brown rot. The main object of applying a 

 fungicide is to prevent the germination of the seeds or 

 spores from wiiich the disease develops, not to check the 

 growth of the fungous plant after its roots or m^ycelium 

 have once become established. It is extremely important to 

 be ready at the proper time. We are now using and 

 recommending the following applications of spray material 

 for the apple. 



P'IRST: Concentrated lime-sulfur 1 to 9 or miscible oil 

 1 to 16 applied in the spring before the buds start. This is 

 ])rimari]y for San Jose scale, but serves as a general house 

 cleaning. 



SECOND: Concentrated lime-sulfur at the rate of five 

 quarts of the commercial mixture to 50 gallons of water to 

 which is added 3 pounds of arsenate of lead paste, or ly^ 

 pounds of the arsenate of lead powder. 



This is applied just before the blossom buds open or jusfc 

 Avhen thej^ begin to show some pink, or white color. This 

 is pi-imarily for scab and curculio. 



TITTTvD : The same combination of arsenate of lead and 

 lime-sulfur is applied just after the petals fall, or before the 

 lobes of the calyx close. This is primarily for the codling 

 moth, curculio and seal). 



FOTTRTH: A similar combination is again applied ten 

 days or. two weeks after the petals have fallen. This appli- 

 cation is also made to control the codling moth, curculio and 

 scab. The Black-leaf 40 at the rate of one-half pint to fifty 



