171 



which faces us today and demands our most consecrated ef- 

 forts. So intimately are the problems interlocked that they 

 become different phases of the same great question to be 

 worked over, and worked out, by the organized thinkers to 

 a complete solution. Big business long ago learned the 

 \alue and necessity for a cooperative work, and the lessons 

 confronting us will not be solved until there is established a 

 cooperative individualism where all are for each and each 

 for all. Then we shall have uniform laws protecting pro- 

 ducer and consumer, impartial enforcement demanded by 

 all, and agriculture will rest upon the same fixed basis as 

 other industries and the farmers of New England will have 

 come into their oAvn. 



PRES. BREED : The question is now open for discuss- 

 ion, and Dr. Twitchell, as you well laiow, is ready to answer 

 raiy questions at any time. Please try him. I rather de- 

 pend upon the fruit growers for this discussion. 



QUESTION: I would like to ask the Doctor what method 

 they pursue in inspecting the apple in Maine? Do they in- 

 spect them at the barn or warehouse, or where are they sup- 

 posed to be inspected? Are they rigid in their inspection, 

 or what you might call easy? The law says there shall be 

 no worm-holes, no wormy apples, etc. What do they call a 

 wormy apple? A great many apples have a visible worm- 

 hole, but it is nothing serious, and they are good apples and 

 in ever^y way desirable with the exception of that. That 

 occurs some years right through, and if we have such a year 

 as that have we got to throw all our first-class apples into 

 fc-.econds? 



DR. TWITCHELL: We are finding that by thorough 

 f praying, the conditions spoken of by the gentleman are very 

 largely being eliminated, that we are thereby preventing all 

 the wormy apples and they are being practically wiped out 

 by thorough spraying. Our method of inspection this year 

 has been for the inspector to go into the sheds or barns 

 where the buyers or packers were at work, and overlook their 

 work, open the barrels. Sometimes they would go to the 



