227 



tions would make all the growth that may be needed, but 

 I should prefer to reinforce the manure with some phos- 

 phoric acid. If au,i];nals are not pastured in the orchard, 

 either manure or possibly cheap grass or hay or some other 

 vegetable refuse used as a mulch under those conditions 

 would be found profitable ; in fact I believe that we are not 

 giving as much consideration to the problem of mulching of 

 orchards that cannot be cultivated, as we should. I do not 

 know whether I have quite answered the question, but 1 

 should prefer animal manure, if it is available, or grass or 

 compost reinforced with some phosphoric acid under those 

 conditions. 



THE CHAIRMAN : I think I read one word wrong here, 

 instead of "animal" I think it is "annual" fertilizer cam- 

 i>aign. 



PROF. LIPMAN: I should still answer the ciuestion in 

 the same way. Under those conditions, where laud cannot 

 be plowed, I should prefer to depend on animal manure if it 

 is at all available, because of the protective action of the 

 mulch and because of the need for a greater number of 

 bacteria which you will introduce with the manure, that is, 

 Avhere you do not stir the soil, where you do not till it, 

 ^'.'here you do not stimulate the machinery of which I spoke 

 a few moments ago, the introduction of animal manures or 

 composts would be desirable. 



THE CHAIRMAN: Another question; "I would like a 

 good formula for a peach orchard just coming into bearing. 

 The orchard is cultivated." 



PROF. LIPMAN: There is nothing said about the type 

 of soil ? 



THE CHAIRMAN: Nothing 



PROF. LIPMAN: I may answer, assuming that the soil 

 is medium or light in character — most of the peach orchards 

 in our State are that type of soil, though we have orchards 

 Ui North Jersey on heavy land — assuming that the soil is 

 light, I should prefer to use either acid phosphate or basic 

 slag as a source of phosphoric acid, and the amount supplied 



