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carry out the two or three Scab sprayings. AVe must spray 

 with a fungicide before the blossoms open, again after the 

 petals fall and at least one more spraying later. 



Now, let us consider for a few moments one or two of 

 the newer insects that seem to be gaining ground. First the 

 Red Bug. This bug which has done considerable damage 

 the last few years in New York and New Jersey is a sucking 

 insect like the plant lice. This insei^t does the greatest 

 damage by puncturing the young apples in May and early 

 June, causing many to fall to the ground and the rest l)e- 

 coming so badly deformed that they are unmarketable. 



The insect is about Y^ of an inch long when mature and 

 in color varies from red to black. During its early stages it 

 is red in color and looks very much like some of the ajjliis, 

 but later looks more like a squash bug 1)ut much smaller. 

 The best remedy at present seems to be spraying with 

 ''Black Leaf 40" 1 pint to 100 gallons of water just before 

 the blossoms open and possibly one after the blossoms fall. 



Another insect that I wish to call your attention to is 

 the Leopard Moth. The larva of this moth is a very rave- 

 nous feeder and does considerable amount of damage in 

 yomig apple orchards, by boring into the limbs and 

 branches. The remedy is to look over the trees and cut out 

 the borers. 



The Gypsy moth that is so bad in the eastern part of 

 the state is gradually moving west. The caterpillars in this 

 case appear during ^lay and are also very ravenous feeders 

 both on the leaves and fruit. The feeding on the fruit 

 causes many poorly shaped immarketable apples. This pest 

 may be controlled by heavy spraying with lead. 



Having discussed the important insects and diseases 

 that we must be prepared to fight this coming season we 

 are ready to make out our spraying calendar. 



First: — AVill we give a dormant spray? Yes. if there 

 is any scab in the orchard or if you are badly troubled with 

 fungous diseases, however, I believe in well cared for or- 

 chards it would 1)e best to omit at least every other year the 



