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pear upon the partly expanded leaves. The idea is to hit the 

 insects at times when they are not sheltered. Experiments 

 have shown a considerable degree of protection to result from 

 thorough spraying with a thick lime sulfur wash — 60 to 80 

 pounds of extra lime being added to 100 gallons — just before 

 the blossom buds start. It appears desirable to delay this to 

 the latest practicable date and at the same time it is essen- 

 tial to get it on before the buds crack, otherwise the insects 

 may enter the buds and work for some days beyond the reach 

 of sprays. 



Injury by minor insects, though frequently somewhat se- 

 rious cannot be forecast readily and on that account the re- 

 striction of the spray schedule to the control of the more se- 

 rious annual pests is advised and dependence for the guid- 

 ance in emergency work, if the latter be necessary, upon the 

 direction of local experts. 



This latter suggests an important point, namely the 

 value of the well posted county agent. It is impossible with 

 variations in soil, exposure and variety to formulate rules 

 which will enable every grower to spray at times when he 

 can secure the greatest benefit. An expert having personal 

 experience in the control of the more injurious insects un- 

 der varying conditions is the best possible party to indicate 

 the time when spraying operations should comlnence and 

 this is particular!}' true of some of our serious pests which 

 work rapidly and are comparatively inconspicuous, espe- 

 cially such easily overlooked insects as the pear thrips and 

 the pear psylla. The former may blast a crop before its 

 presence is suspected and the latter is one of the serious and 

 dangerous pests of the grower in the Hudson Valley as well 

 as in the western portion of New York State. 



The method of application is important, the main prob- 

 lem is to secure a uniform and rapid distribution of the in- 

 secticide. The former is essential and the latter important. 

 The higher the pressure, other things being equal, the more 

 rapidly can thorough work be done, the idea is to cover each 

 leaf and fill the calyx cup when spraying for codling moth 



