with not much gravel to it. It is a heavy loam, but a good, 

 hardened undersoil and stony ground. In fact, stony ground 

 is pretty good for fruit. Whether it is because there is more 

 potash in it or not, I don't know. On one farm there is quite 

 a little of it cultivated, they raise green crops for their cattle — 

 those apples, as I say, grow larger and bear heavy, but they 

 are not quite the keepers that they are in other parts of that 

 farm or in other places where they are grown in grass. My 

 own orchard is now mostly grass. The first few years I 

 raised strawberries and then tomatoes, and such cultivated 

 crops in it. Some parts have been grass all the time. The 

 parts that have been cultivated the first few years went ahead 

 faster, but I do not look in the end for any better results. 



A Member. Do the apples keep better in the upper part of 

 the cellar? 



Mr. Mann. The top of the cellar is where you will find the 

 poorest apples. They get a little more heat and a little more 

 light, and they will go a little quicker. 



A Member. What do you use for containers to store the 

 apples? 



Mr. Mann. As a general thing, good orange boxes, — 

 Florida orange boxes. They are very cheap and very easy to 

 handle. An egg crate is so tenderly made that it won't hold. 

 You might use it once by carrying it a good deal as you would 

 a baby, but they are not safe to use for any length of time. 



A Member. Did you take the grass out of your orchard? 



Mr. Mann. I have, yes. I have cut two crops out of most 

 of it so far, but I expect as the apple trees grow arid the hay 

 grows less, to cut it and leave it on the ground, instead of 

 buying fertilizer. Fertilizer and manure are two thijigs almost 

 out of the question now. The only fault anybody has found 

 with me was from Mr. Bogue. I said to him, "You have said 

 all the nice things, but tell me what is wrong about it." He 

 said, "I can't see anything wrong, unless it is growing a little 

 too fast." 



A Member. Did I understand you to say that you had a 

 temperature of 34 when you put the apples in in the fall? 



Mr. Mann. No, that won't come until the cold weather. 



A Member. About what temperature can you get in the fall? 



