STATE POMOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 79 



mature. The great danger from the use of Paris green lies in the 

 methods of application. Great care should be used at this time. 



WHEN TO SPRAY. 



In general, the proper time for the first application is just after 

 the fruit has formed, and for the second, some two or three weeks 

 later. 



In no case should any spraying be done while the trees are in 

 blossom. It is too early to be of any value whatever in checking 

 the work of the codling larvae, and ver}' serious damage may be 

 done in poisoning the bees which are very abundant at that season. 

 Not only the bees themselves are killed but the honey is rendered 

 unfit for use. 



There are two broods of larva; during the season, but we usually 

 make special effort to check the first one. It this one is held in 

 check, the second one will necessarily be less harmful. The time 

 when the first brood commences depredations is not fully settled by 

 entomologists, but it certainly extends over a considerable period, 

 and varies with the season. It seems not improbable that we shall 

 find that in practice certain varieties will need to be sprayed earlier 

 than others. 



APPLE SCAB {Fusicladium dentriticum) . 



I doubt not most of those present are only too familiar with the 

 dark colored spots or "scabs" which appear on some varieties of 

 apples, notably the Fameuse and the Maiden's Blush. 



These spots represent but one stage in the life history of a plant 

 which grows on and obtains its nourishment from the apple. Its 

 attack is not confined to the fruit, and it sometimes causes ver^- 

 serious loss to the orchardist. The plant is known to botanists as 

 Fusicladium dentriticum. It belongs to a group of parasitic fungi. 



Sometimes in very cocl, wet seasons, the fungus spreads very 

 rapidly, and attacks the foliage and young fruit early in the season, 

 causing almost total loss of the crop, and greatly weakening the 

 trees. If the attack is late, after the season's growth is completed, 

 no special damage is done, except to injure the fruit. 



The disease appears on the leaves as brownish or olive colored 

 spots. These spots, if numerous, run together, become blackish in 

 color, and finally the leaf tissue dies. 



