78 STATE POMOLOGICAL SOCIETY, 



THE SPRAYING APPARATUS. 



To a large extent, simplicity of mechanism should govern in 

 the selection of a spraying outfit for orchard and farm use. So 

 far as the various complicated tank outfits now in the market 

 are concerned, the average farmer, by the use of a little inge- 

 nuity, may turn out as efificient a product and at a less expense. 

 For the general farmer and orchardist, I have seen, as yet, noth- 

 ing more efficient at an average cost, than a straight tubed brass 

 "Johnson" or "Gould" pump with hose coupling attachment, 

 mounted in a 15-20 gallon keg or a half barrel. A strap or iron 

 handle should be fastened to either side of the keg. The pump 

 should be clamped to a cross piece and the strainer should clear 

 the bottom of the keg by about one-half an inch. Each outfit 

 will require at least fifty — better one hundred — feet of hose, a 

 spraying pole and a good nozzle. After years of experiment in 

 our work against the gypsy moth, we have adopted for use the 

 ordinary white woven cotton hose ; this we find gives us the best 

 value for the money invested, is lighter and hence more easily 

 handled. The spraying pole should be practically a continua- 

 tion of the hose ; a quarter-inch iron gas pipe ten feet long with 

 a hose coupling at the lower and a nozzle coupling at the upper 

 end. It may be reinforced by light wooden strips for conven- 

 ience in handling. 



In the matter of nozzles, the market ofifers a large assortment, 

 yet but few of them are of great practical value. The best pat- 

 tern is that involving the cyclone principle such as is found in 

 the so-called "Cyclone," "Riley," and "Vermorel" nozzles. The 

 mistake generally made by nozzle makers — and sometimes by 

 nozzle users as well — is in the direction of applying large quan- 

 tities of the spraying solution. This is all wTong. The spray 

 should be applied as a mist and the nozzle giving the best mist- 

 like spray is the best for the orchardist's purpose. x\ny of the 

 above mentioned nozzles will give this desired effect. For our 

 own use we have found it necessary to modify the "Cyclone" 

 nozzle by the insertion of a large cylindrical strainer to prevent 

 clogging, and with this modified nozzle we are able to spray 

 continuovisly for a day at a time without the annoying and costly 

 delays formerly necessary for clearing the nozzles. 



