1 6 EVOLUTION OF BRITISH CATTLE 



from each other by the degree of civilisation 

 to which man had attained : viz. the Eolithic Age 

 in which man makes use of only such tools as he 

 picks up that are already shaped by Nature's 

 hand, the Palaeolithic Age in which he chips and 

 fashions stones to suit his purpose, the Neolithic 

 Age in which he works stones into shape by 

 rubbing and polishing, and the succeeding Ages 

 of Bronze and Iron. 



The man of the Neolithic Age was not only 

 a far later arrival than those who had lived before 

 him, but his civilisation was at a very much 

 higher level. According to Boyd Dawkins, " The 

 population " of Britain ** was probably large, 

 divided into tribal communities possessed of fixed 

 habitations, and living principally on their flocks 

 and herds, acquainted with agriculture, and sub- 

 sisting in a lesser degree by hunting and fishing. 

 The arts of spinning, weaving, mining, and 

 pottery-making were known, and that of boat- 

 building had advanced sufficiently far to allow 

 of voyages being made from France to Britain, 

 and from Britain to Ireland." ^ That man still 

 hunted the beasts of the forest is proved by the 

 ox in theW oodwardian Museum "with a polished 

 stone implement sticking in its skull," but the 

 state of his larder depended no longer upon his 

 success with the Urus, since another much smaller 

 ox had come westward with Neolithic man, and, 

 1 " Early Man in Britain," 1880, p. 290. 



