THE DUTCH INVASION 77 



they are still carefully kept up without Mixture 

 in Colour, and where they will yield two gallons 

 at a milking ; but in order to this they require 

 great Attendance, and the best of Food. The 

 Alderney cow is like the Dutch in the Shortness 

 of her Horns, but she is somewhat stronger built, 

 and is not quite so tender." 



One more extract will bring us down to com- 

 paratively recent times, and will show how the 

 Dutch cattle continued to be imported, and how 

 their territory in the east of England extended. 

 It is from "Observations on Live Stock," first 

 published in 1786, by George Culley, a Durham 

 man, who was first a pupil with Bakewell and 

 afterwards a farmer in Northumberland. 



Of "the shorthorned or Dutch kind," Culley 

 writes : ** Their colours are much varied ; but 

 the generality are red-and-white mixed, or what 

 the breeders call flecked ; and, when properly 

 mixed, is a very agreeable colour. 



" There are many reasons for thinking this 

 breed has been imported from the Continent — 

 First, because they are still in many places called 

 the Dutch breed. Secondly, because we find very 

 few of these cattle any where in this island, except 

 along the eastern coast, facing those parts of 

 the Continent where the same kind of cattle are 

 still bred, and reaching from the southern ex- 

 tremity of Lincolnshire to the borders of Scotland. 

 The longhorns and these have met upon the 



