312 



AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL, 



May 17, 1900 



PUBLISHT WEEKLY BY 



GEORGE W. YORK & COMPANY, 



116 Michigan Street, Gtiicago, III. 



[Entered at the Post-Office at Chicago as Second-Class Mail-Matter.] 

 EDITOR: 



DEPARTMENT EDITORS: 



C. C. MILLER, E. E. HASTY, 



" Questions and Answers." ** " The Afterthoug^ht." 



LEADINQ CONTRIBUTORS: 



G. M. DooLiTTLE, C. P. Dadant, Prof. A. J. Cook, 



F. A. Snell, R. C. Aikin, " Old Gkimes." 



IMPORTANT NOTICES: 



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The Wrapper- Label Date of this paper indicates the end of the month to 

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VOL. 40. 



MAY 17, 1900. 



NO. 20, 



."JOTE— The American Bee Journal adopts the Orthography of the follow- 

 ing Rule, recommended by the joint action of the American Philolog- 

 ical Association and the Philological Society of England: — Change 

 "d" or "ed" final to *n" when so pronounced, except when the "e" af- 

 fects a preceding sound. Also some other changes are used. 



The Michigan Adulterated^Honey Case.— Accompany- 

 ing the report of Secretary Mason, on this page, sent to us 

 for publication by General Manager Secor, was the follow- 

 ing letter : 



Forest City, Iowa, May 3, 1900. 

 Editor American Bee Journal. — 



Dear Sir : — I enclose copy of report of Dr. A. B. Mason, 

 Secretary of the National Bee-Keepers' Association, who 

 ■went to Jackson, Mich., at my request, to attend the trial of 

 M. G. Hakes, a groceryman, who was arrested for selling 

 adulterated honey. The report will explain itself, and you 

 are at liberty to use it in the column.s of your journal if you 

 so desire. 



As the National Bee-Keepers' Association has under- 

 taken the work of aiding prosecutions against the sale of 

 adulterated honey, it becomes my duty to lay before our 

 members, many of whom are readers of your journal, the 

 facts gleaned in the performance of that duty, no matter 

 how unpleasant the facts are to me personally. 



Yours truly, EdGENE Skcor, 



General DIanager. 



As Secretary Mason's report speaks so well for itself, it 

 is hardly necessary for us to add any comment on the par- 

 ticular case in question. All of our readers know how bit- 

 terly we are against every adulterator of honey, no matter 

 whether he be the humblest member in our ranks, or the 

 highest official. We say, the higher the standing and in- 

 telligence of the adulterator, the greater the offense. 



We are glad that the National Bee-Keepers' Association 



presents such a solid and united front against the arch 

 enemy of the producer of honest honej — adulteration. 

 Dr. Mason's report reads as follows : 



Report of the Jackson, Mieh., Adulterated-Honey Case 

 and Conviction. 



Station B., Toledo, Ohio, April S, 1900. 

 Eugene Secor, General Manager of the National Bee- 

 Keepers'' Association — 



Dear Sir : — In complying with your request for a re- 

 port of the proceedings in the case of M. G. Hakes, of Jack- 

 son, Mich., who was arrested and tried in the Circuit Court 

 of Jackson County for the sale of 'adulterated honey, I have 

 this to report : 



On the 20th of January last I received a request from 

 you to attend the trial of Mr. Hakes, as the representative of 

 our Association, and do what I could to help in the prosecu- 

 tion of the case that was to be tried on the 22d. In com- 

 pliance with your request I attended the trial. 



I learned that, last fall, Mr. W. D. Soper, a bee-keeper 

 living near Jackson, Mich., and who also deals in honey, 

 discovered that what he thought was adulterated extracted 

 honey was being placed upon the market at Jackson. He 

 bought a sample of the honey, and sent it to the Michigan 

 State Dairy and Food Commissioner. On Sept. 29, 1899, 

 Mr. Carl Franke, a State Food Inspector, of Monroe, on 

 his regular inspection tour at Jackson, called at Mr. Hakes' 

 place of business and purchast of him two one-pint cans of 

 what he was selling for honey, one of them being labeled 

 and ready for the market, and the other was taken from the 

 original package, a five-gallon can. Mr. Franke had ex- 

 plained to Mr. Hakes that it was his duty " to keep tab on 

 all the foods that were exposed for sale, and also on 

 honeys," and askt him to sell him a package of honey, 

 which he did willingly. The cans were labeled, "M. G. 

 Hakes, Pure Honey, Jackson, Mich." 



At the trial of Mr. Hakes in the Circuit Court for the 

 county, in Jackson, Mr. Franke stated, in substance, while 

 on the witness stand, that when food samples were pro- 

 cured for inspection, certain records were made, and in this 

 case the record of the inspector showed that in the sale of 

 this adulterated honey, Martin G. Hakes acted as agent, 

 and that the manfacturer was James Heddon, of Dowagiac, 

 and the package was markt, " Pure Extracted Honey," and 

 was purchast of Mr. Heddon about Aug. 21, 1899. 



Another witness, the Food and Sanitary Inspector of 

 Jackson, testified that the original package from which the 

 sample of honey in question was taken had not been opened 

 till Mr. Franke opened it, and that Mr. Hakes acted as 

 agent " for Mr. Heddon, of Dowagiac." 



Mr. Franke, on cross-examination, testified that other 

 samples from Mr. Heddon's " place " than the one under 

 consideration had been sent to the State Analyst, and all 

 were adulterated to about the same extent as this, except 

 one of comb honey. 



Mr. R. E. Doolittle, State Chemist, of Lansing, Mich., 

 testified to having examined the sample under considera- 

 tion, and found it to be adulterated honey. The percent of 

 adulteration I do not now remember, but it was large — I be- 

 lieve about 57 percent of glucose. 



Mr. Doolittle. in reply to a question by the attorney for 

 Mr. Hakes, said that he had always had the impression that 

 Mr. Hakes was only the agent for Mr. Heddon, and that 

 Mr. Heddon had done the mixing. 



In reply to the question, " Was this honey represented 

 to you as pure by Mr. Heddon ?" Mr. Hakes testified that, 

 a few days before he was arrested (he was arrested Oct. 11, 

 1899), he was told that he was selling adulterated honey, 

 and he said that he wrote Mr. Heddon a letter, telling him 

 that one man (a stranger) had offered to bet him $25 that 

 the honey was not pure, and Mr. Hakes told him that he 

 "would put up the money any minute ; but before I would 

 do it I sat down and wrote a letter to Mr. Heddon, and said 

 to Mr. Heddon : 'I want to know now, Mr. Heddon, if I am 

 selling pure honey, or if I am not.' He wrote me back, 

 stating that ' if mj' honey goes from me to you, and from 

 you directly to your customers, just as you get it from me, 

 rely upon it, it is strictly pure; but,' said he, ' I would not 

 bet.' That is the first thing that opened my eyes." 



At the close of Mr. Hakes' testimony the court in- 

 structed the jury, and they returned a verdict of guilty, 

 without leaving their seats. 



I felt pretty well satisfied that Mr. Hakes supposed he 

 was selling pure honey, and I believed that the members of 

 our Association cared more for the conviction of those 



