THE STEAM LOCOMOTIVE 



built the Planet on much the same lines as the Globe, 

 and this engine became the model for engine builders 

 the world over. It is an interesting fact that American 

 engineers adopted, and still cling to, Stephenson^s 

 original plan of having the cylinders act on rods at- 

 tached to the outside of the wheels as in the Rocket, 

 while English engineers have always built their loco- 

 motives with the cylinders on the inside, as arranged 

 on the Planet. 



Since the time of the Planet the general shape and 

 arrangement of most locomotives has remained un- 

 changed. In America the inclemencies of the climate 

 compelled the invention of the cab; and it was here 

 also that the bell, whistle, pilot, and sand-box were 

 first introduced. But by 1850 the present type of loco- 

 motive had been produced; and although constant 

 modifications are being introduced, the general ap- 

 pearance of the locomotive remains the same, the dif- 

 ference being mostly in the bulk. 



IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCOMOTIVES IN RECENT YEARS 



During the closing years of the nineteenth century 

 the general improvements in the rolling-stock of rail- 

 roads, and the constantly increasing demand for faster 

 passenger service, stimulated manufacturers to attempt 

 numerous improvements as well as many changes in 

 the size of the more recent types of locomotives. In a 

 general way these changes may be summarized as fol- 

 lows: A great increase in the size and weight, with in- 

 creased speed and tractive power; the use of larger 



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