

10 TABLE OF CONTENTS. 



PAGE 



old Stimulus, 345. The Light Adapted and the Dark Adapted Eye, 346. 

 Luminosity or Brightness, 347. Qualities of Visual Sensations, 349. The Achro- 

 matic Series, 349. The Chromatic Series, 350. Color Saturation and Color 

 Fusion, 350. The Fundamental Colors, 351. The Complementary Colors, 

 351. After Images, Positive and Negative, 352. Color Contrasts, 353. Color 

 Blindness, 354. Dichromatic Vision, 355. Tests for Color Blindness, 356. 

 Achromatic Vision, 357. Distribution of Color Sense in the Retina, 357. 

 Functions of the Rods and Cones, 358. Theories of- Color Vision, 360. Entoptic 

 Phenomena, 366. Shadows of Corpuscles and Blood-vessels, 366. Shadows 

 from Lens and Vitreous Humor, 367. 



CHAPTER XIX. BINOCULAR VISION 368 



Movements of the Eyeballs, 368. Co-ordination of the Eye Muscles, Muscular 

 Insufficiency and Strabismus, 370. The Binocular Field of Vision, 372. Corres- 

 ponding or Identical Points, 372. Physiological Diplopia, 373. The Horopter, 

 375. Suppression of Visual Images, 375. Struggle of the Visual Fields, 375. 

 Judgments of Solidity, 376. Monocular Perspective, 376. Binocular Perspect- 

 ive, 378. Stereoscopic Vision, 378. Explana^n of Binocular Perspective, 

 380. Judgments of Distance and Size, 381. Optical Deceptions, 382. 



CHAPTER XX. THE EAR AS AN ORGAN FOR SOUND SENSATIONS 385 



The Pinna or Auricle, 386. The Tympanic Membrane, 386. The Ear Bones, 

 387. Mode of Action of the Ear Bones, 388. Muscles of the Middle Ear, 390. 

 The Eustachian Tube, 391. Projection of the Auditory Sensations, 391. 

 Sensory Epithelium of the Cochlea, 392. Nature and Action of the Sound Waves, 

 393. Classification and Properties of Musical Sounds, 394. Upper Harmonics 

 or Overtones, 396. Sympathetic Vibrations and Resonance, 398. Functions 

 of the Cochlea, 398. Sensations of Harmony and Discord, 402. Limits of 

 Hearing, 402. 



CHAPTER XXI. FUNCTIONS OF THE SEMICIRCULAR CANALS AND THE 



VESTIBULE 404 



Position and Structure of the Semicircular Canals, 404. Flouren's Experi- 

 ments upon the Semicircular Canals, 405. Temporary and Permanent Effects 

 of the Operations, 406. Direct Stimulation of the Canals, 407. Effect of Sec- 

 tion of the Ampullary or the Acoustic Nerve, 408. Is the Effect of Section of 

 the Canals due to Stimulation? 406. Theories of the Functions of the Semicir- 

 cular Canals, 409. Summary of the Views upon the Function of the Semicircular 

 Canals, 411. Functions of the Utriculus nd Sacculus, 412. 



SECTION IV. 

 BLOOD AND LYMPH. 



CHAPTER XXII. GENERAL PROPERTIES OF BLOOD. PHYSIOLOGY OF 



THE CORPUSCLES 415 



Histological Structure of Blood, 415. Reaction of the Blood, 416. Specific 

 Gravity of the Blood, 420. The Red Corpuscles, 421. Condition of the Hemo- 

 globin in the Corpuscles, 421. Hemolysis, 422. Hemolysis Due to Variations 

 in Osmotic Pressure, 423. Hemolysis Due to Action of Hemolysins, 424. 

 Nature and Amount of Hemoglobin, 427. Compounds of Hemoglobin with 

 Oxygen and Other Gases, 429. The Iron in the Hemoglobin, 430. Crystals of 

 Hemoglobin, 431. Absorption Spectra Hemoglobin and Oxyhemoglobin, 432. 

 Derivative Compounds of Hemoglobin, 436. Origin and Fate of the Red Cor- 

 puscles, 438. Variations in the Number of Red Corpuscles, 440. Physiology of 

 the Blood Leucocytes, 443. Variations in Number of the Leucocytes, 444. 

 Functions of the Leucocytes, 444. Physiology of the Blood Plates, 445. 



CHAPTER XXIII. CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF THE BLOOD PLASMA; 

 COAGULATION; QUANTITY OF BLOOD; REGENERATION AFTER 

 HEMORRHAGE 448 



Composition of the Plasma and Corpuscles, 448. Proteins of the Blood Plasma, 

 450. Serum Albumin, 450. Paraglobulin (Serum Globulin), 451. Fibrino- 



fen, 451. Less Well-known Proteins of the Blood, 453. Coagulation of Blood, 

 53. Time of Clotting, 455. Preparation of Solutions of Fibrinogen, 456. 

 Preparation of Thrombin, 457. The Action of Thrombin on Fibrinogen, 459. 

 The Influence of Calcium, 459. The Influence of Tissue-extracts, 460. Theory . 

 of Coagulation, 461. Why Blood Does not Clot Within the Vessels, 463. 

 Metathrombin, 464. Intravascular Clotting, 465. Means of Hastening or of 

 Retarding Coagulation, 466. Total Quantity of Blood in the Body, 469. 

 Regeneration of the Blood after Hemorrhage, 470. Blood Transfusion, 472. 



CHAPTER XXIV. COMPOSITION AND FORMATION OF LYMPH 474 



General Statements, 474. Formation of Lymph, 476. Lymphagogues of the 

 First Class, 477. Lymphagogues of the Second Class, 478. Summary of the 

 Factors Controlling the Flow of Lymph, 481.f 



