GRAFTING AND BUDDING 301 



duce fruit abundantly. It thus appears that arti- 

 ficially produced varieties may acquire really 

 specific differences of a profound nature. 



THE MUTUAL INFLUENCE OF CION AND STOCK 



Leaving the solution of this problem to the 

 physiologist, however, let us turn to the specific 

 task in hand, and consider that very important 

 part of the plant experimenter's task that has to 

 do with the grafting of vegetable tissues. 



It is convenient to recall that the trunk or 

 branch upon which a twig is grafted is called the 

 stock, and that the transplanted twig itself is 

 spoken of as the cion. The practical methods of 

 grafting, as applied to different varieties of 

 plants, will be detailed in a moment. But first 

 we may consider very briefly the mutual influence 

 that cion and stock exert upon each other. 



That there is an intimate chemical and vital 

 relation between the immediate living surfaces of 

 stock and cion admits of no question. The very 

 fact that we cannot cause plant tissues to make 

 union unless they are of allied species, is in itself 

 sufficient proof of this. Moreover, the fact that 

 the cion must receive its entire supply of water, 

 conveying all nourishment except carbon (which 

 is drawn from the air) through the medium of 

 the tissues of the stock, suggests that there must 



