GRAFTING AXD BUDDIXG 311 



growth will continue outward, year by year, 

 until ultimately the cion and stock are so firmly 

 joined that they constitute a branch as strong 

 as the ungrafted branches of the tree. 



But unless the living tissues of the cambium 

 layer are accurately joined, no union can take 

 place, and the graft will be a failure. 



If this essential principle is borne in mind, 

 the process of grafting becomes a comparatively 

 simple one, and one that may be carried out 

 successfully by amateurs with very little pre- 

 liminary practice. 



A few specific hints as to the details of the 

 method may, however, be of service. So I shall 

 give a brief account of the methods employed in 

 my orchards, where the process of grafting is 

 carried out thousands of times each year. 



Grafting may be divided under three head- 

 ings: (1) Grafting proper, in which a cion or 

 small shoot is inserted into or upon the stock; 

 (2) Inarching, in which the cion is left attached 

 to its parent stock until union with the new stock 

 is completed; (3) Budding, which consists of 

 the insertion of a single bud upon the cambium 

 layer of the stock. There is no fundamental 

 difference between the three processes; they are 

 merely different methods of accomplishing the 

 same purpose. 



