THE RASPBERRY 285 



were introduced, and various of these have been 

 utilized in my hybridizing experiments. 



But perhaps the chief favorite among Amer- 

 ican raspberries is the one introduced in the 

 early forties by Nicholas Longworth of Ohio, 

 and known as the Wild Black or Blackcap 

 Raspberry, Rubus occidentalis. 



This berry was a great addition to the list of 

 cultivated fruits. It soon became a favorite 

 everywhere it could be successfully grown. Mr. 

 Longworth himself introduced it into England, 

 but it did not thrive in the English climate and it 

 never competed with the native European species. 



INTERBREEDING THE RASPBERRIES 



The familiar cultivated raspberries of the 

 present time owe their origin to the species just 

 named, and to two other allied species, one our 

 wild red raspberry, Rubus strigosus, a close 

 relative of the common European species, the 

 other known as Rubus leucodermis, a western 

 relative of the familiar blackcap. 



All the red raspberries now under cultivation 

 have sprung from either the European or Amer- 

 ican red species. The Purple-cane type appar- 

 ently sprang from the Rubus neglectus (very 

 probably a hybrid between R. strigosus and R. 

 occidentalis) ; such varieties as the Reliance, 



