290 M E M O I R S o/ the 
aperitive and incifive, as onions, hellebore, laurel, maiden- 
hair, and garlic, which, tho' fo rtrong, give none at all j but 
perhaps it may be faid for this, that in theie there is a greater 
quantity of volatile fait. 
"ifhe Way of making Pitch, Tar, Rofin, and Turpentine 3 by 
Mr, Tho. Bent. Phil. Tranf. N° 243. p. 291. 
FIVE leagues from Marjeilles are very high mountains, 
for the molt part covered with foreils of pine-trees, which 
grow wild 3 half a league out of the road, you fee the rnaking 
of pitch, tar, rolin, and turpentine, which is thus 3 in the 
fpring time, when the fap is moil plentiful, they pare oft" the 
bark of the pine to make it run down into a hole, cut on pur- 
pofe at the bottom to receive it 3 as it runs, it leaves a cream 
or cruft behind it, which they take and temper in water, and 
fell to people for white bees-wax, that they make flambeaus 
of, and is a great deal dearer 3 then they take up the juice in 
fpoons from the bottom, and when they have thus got a good 
quantity, they flrain it thro' a grocer's ballcet, fuch as they put 
their Malaga raifins in, and that which runs eafiiy through is 
the common turpentine 3 then they take what remains in the 
bafket, and adding a fufficient quantity of water, they diftii it 
in an alembic, the liquor fo diffilled is oil of turpentine, and 
the calx that remains is common rofin 3 afterwards they cut 
the ftock of the tree into large chips, and pile them hollow in 
a cave, covering it atop with riles, fo as that lome air -may 
come m to feed the fire 3 then burning them, there runs down 
a thick juice to the bottom, where they make a fmall hole for 
it to come out at, for too large a hole would let it all in a 
flame, and the liquor that runs out is tar, then they take that 
ofF, and boiling it gently over again, to conlume more of the 
moifture, they fet it to cool, which when cold is pitch. 
C>/Rufma and Alcanna 3 by Mr. Smith. Phil. Tranf N° 243. 
p. 295. 
TH I S black earth, which is called Rufma, and looks as 
if it were burnt, mud be pounded in an iron or marble 
mortar to a fine powder, and carefully fifred3 when you ufe 
it, take one part of the faid powder and two parts of unflacked 
lime, which when mixed together, put into a linen rag, and 
infufe it in warm water for the fpace of a quarter of an hour, 
or till it becomes of a black colour, then apply it to the place 
from whence you would take the hair, and as foon as the hair 
begins 
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