BOTANY OF TKRRA AUSTRALIS. 15 



About thirty species of this order are foiiiul in Terra 

 Aiistralis ; these are either Comesperniae or Polygalae, with 

 a single species of Salomonia of Loureiro, a geiins [su 

 which is certainly not nionanclrous, as that author atlirms, 

 but has four connected filaments with distinct unilocular an- 

 therae, and consequently half the number of stamina usually 

 found in the order. Most of the Comesperniae exist in the 

 principal parallel, and equally at both its extremities ; 

 several, however, are found beyond it, and in both direc- 

 tions ; the genus extending from Arnhem's Land to Ad- 

 venture Bay. The greater part of the Polygalae and the 

 genus Salomonia exist only within the tropic. 



TREMANDREJ^.^ The genus Tetratheca of Dr. Smith 

 and one very nearly related to it, which I shall hereafter 

 publish under the name of Tremandra, constitute a small 

 tribe of plants peculiar to Terra Australis. For this tribe 

 I prefer the name Tremandrece to that of Tetrathecaceae, as 

 it is more distinctly, and at the same time more correctly 

 descriptive of the structure of stamina in both genera ; the 

 four distinct cells in the ripe state of the antheraB not 

 existing in Tremandra, nor even in all the species of Tetra- 

 theca. In the quadrilocular antherae of the latter genus 

 there is indeed nothing pecuhar, that being the original 

 structure of all those anthei-ae which are commonly de- 

 scribed as bilocular ; and the difference in this case depend- 

 ing on the mode of bursting, which, when lateral, neces- 

 sarily obliterates two of the septa, but when terminal, as in 

 Tetratheca, admits of their persistence. It is remarkable 

 that both Dr. Smith and Labillardiere have mistaken the 

 fungous appendix of the apex of the seed for an umbilical 



1 Tremandee^. Calyx 4-5 pli. a'qualis, £esfivatione valvata. Fetala 4-5, 

 aequalia: ajstivatione iuvoluta stamina includentia. Stamina 8-10, livpogvna, 

 disf incta : Anthera 2-4 loculares, basi inserta?, poro tubiilove apicis dcliiscciltes. 

 Ovarium 2-loc. loculis 1-o-sperniis, oviilis ))endiilis : Sfi/lusl-. Slipmata 1-2. 

 Ccr/JAV//^ bilocularis, bivalvis, valvis medio septigeris, S>'mina umb'ilico mido : 

 extremitate opposita appendiculata; all)umiiiosa. Embryo in axi alhuminis 

 carnosi cujns dimidio lonf^ior : radinda nmbilic-um sju'ctante. IVuticuli 

 ericoides. Tolia sparsa vel verticil lata, ej-atipulata. Pedunculi axillares^ 

 vnijlori. 



