64 GENERAL REMARKS ON THE 



replaced by analogous families, as Epacrideoe by Ericea3 ; 

 and some tribes ^vhicli form a considerable part of the 

 Australian peculiarities, as Dilleniaceae, the leafless Acacise 

 and Eucalyptus, are entirely wanting in South Africa. 



On the other hand, several of the characteristic South 

 African orders and extensive genera are nearly or entirely 

 wanting in Nevr Holland: thus Iridese, Mesembryanthemum, 

 Pelargonium, and Oxalis, so abundant at the Cape of Good 

 PJope, occur very sparingly in New Holland, Avhere the 

 South African genera Aloe, Stapelia, ClifFortia, Penaca, and 

 Brunia, do not at all exist. Very few species are common 

 to both countries, and of these the only one which is at the 

 same time peculiar to the Southern hemisphere is Osmunda 

 harhara. 



We have not sufficient materials for a satisfactory com- 

 parison of the Elora of the higher latitudes of South 

 America with that of the Southeru parts of Terra Australis. 

 If, however, we may judge from those at i)resent in our 

 possession, it would seem that the general character of the 

 South American vegetation differs much more from the Aus- 

 tralian than this does from that of South Africa. Yet several 

 instances occur of the same or of very nearly related genera, 

 589] peculiar to the southern hemisphere, AA'hich are common 

 to Terra Australis and South America, and which do not 

 exist at the Cape of Good Hope. Thus the Pavonia or Lau- 

 relia of Chili has its nearly related genus Atherospcrma in 

 Van Diemen's Island ; where also a genus that I shall 

 name Tasmania occupies the place of the Wintera of South 



America, from which it differs chieflv in havinsf a sinole 



"^ . . . - 

 ovarium ; a species of the Araucaria of Chili exists in New 



Holland as well as in Norfolk Island and Nev/ Caledonia; 



several Lomatice are found in South America ; a species of 



Adelia grows in Terra del Euego ; and Gooclenia litloralis 



of the southern shores of Terra Australis is found not only 



in New Zealand but on the opposite coast of America. 



Certain tribes of plants common to South Africa and 



Terra Australis, and almost equally abundant in both these 



countries, are either very sparingly produced or cease to 



exist in South America. Others which abound in South 



