AND BUXBAUMIA. 345 



Anictangium aquaticum is evidently related to Cincli- 

 dotus or Tric/iostomum. 



Gymnostomum julaceum and Hedwigia secunda of Hooker 

 resemble certain species of Pterygynandrum, Neckera and 

 Leskea. 



An unpublished moss {Glyphocarpa capensis) with a 

 naked peristomium, which I observed on the Table Moun- 

 tain of the Cape of Good Hope has the spherical [576 

 striated capsule as well as the inflorescence and ramification 

 of Bartramia: and with this genus also Anictangium 

 Humboldtii agrees in its capsule, though its habit is that of 

 Leskea or Hypnum. 



Brepanophyllum of Richard (Dicranum ? falcifolium of 

 Hooker.) in form and disposition of leaves is related to 

 Fissidens and Neck era. 



Calymperes approaches to Orthofrichum, or rather, per- 

 haps, to Schlotheimia or Macromitrium. 



Lyettia, which belongs to the same division of the arti- 

 ficial system, is evidently allied to Dawsonia and Poly- 

 trichum. 



And lastly, Leptostomum, the genus more particularly 

 under consideration, appears to me most nearly related to 

 Bryum ; with which indeed its affinity would be completely 

 established, were Hedwig's account of the peristomium of 

 Bryum macrocarpum proved to be correct. 



To the observations now made on the various affinities 

 of mosses which agree in having a naked peristomium, it 

 may be added, that the genera with a simple peristomium 

 do not form a strictly natural series, several of them being 

 much more nearly related to those in which the peristo- 

 mium is double than to each other. 



But if the correctness of these statements be admitted, it 

 follows that, in many cases to obtain natural genera in this 

 order either additional sources of distinction must be 



the deviation from the usual structure as consequently consisting- in the greater 

 compression of the leaf, and in the addition of a dorsal and terminal wing. In 

 support of this view it may be observed, that in the lower leaves of the stem 

 both the additional wings are greatly reduced in size, and in some cases entirely 

 wanting, as they universally are in the perigonial leaves, which have likewise 

 the more ordinary form, being moderately concave and not even navicular. 



