108 PULASKI COUNTY, ILLINOIS. 



The remainder is in pasture and house grounds, except the 

 kitchen garden. 



THE APPLE ORCHARD 



contains four hundred well-shaped trees, all in bearing, and of 

 Lawyer, Rome Beauty, Ben Davis, Buckingham, Smith Cider, 

 King of Tompkins County, May of Myers, Early Harvest, Red 

 June and Limbertwig varieties. 



The trees are from seven to ten years old, all well shaped, 

 headed low and pruned but very little. 



Among the good keepers I place the Lawver and Limber- 

 twig first. The other varieties in my orchard ripen too soon in 

 the season. 



The trees are thoroughly cultivated for five or six years, 

 when the ground is sown to clover and let run. I have grown 

 apples since my farm was opened, and believe them to be an 

 unprofitable crop in this region. 



THE PEAR ORCHARD 



coRtains seven hundred trees, all standards and mostly Bart- 

 letts ; ,only about one hundred are old enough to bear. In the 

 old orchard I have a few Howells, Clapp's Favorite, Sickle, 

 Beurre de Anjou, Flemish Beauty, Bloodgood and Belle Lucra- 

 tive. 



Fruit growers generally wish to plant a pear orchard on 

 a northern slope, but I prefer level ground for all fruit trees, 

 planting none over the brow of a hill. My trees are planted 

 in rows twelve by twenty feet, rows running north and south. 

 In planting this way the object is to make each tree shade 

 the trunk of the tree before it in the row. The trees are 

 planted at one year from the seeding and grafted and grown 

 where they are to stand permanently. The cultivation of the 

 tree is most thorough for four or five years, when the ground 

 is sown to clover and mowed twice each year, the growth being 

 carefully placed under and close to .the trunks of the trees, 

 as a mulch. Nothing in the shape of hay is removed from the 

 land. The earth around the trees is very rich and mellow. 

 The trees are somewhat conical in shape, but they are never 



