J 96 



THE MODERN SYSTEM 



staire. The acute glanders is generally at- 

 tended with acute farcy, such as chancrous 

 ulceration about the Hps, face, or neck, with 

 considerable and painful swellings on different 

 parts, some of these swellings appearing in 

 what the old farriers called a corded or knot- 

 ted vein. Ulceration and swelling of the hind 

 leg, or sheath, and sometimes of the fore leg, 

 with corded veins, and what is termed farcy- 

 buds on the inside of the limb. The acute 

 glanders often spreads rapidly, and either 

 destroys the animal, or renders him such a 

 pitiable and hopeless object, that the proprie- 

 tor is generally induced to have the Horse 

 destroyed. 



Chronic glanders is generally very mild in 

 the first stage of the disorder, and does not 

 affect the appetite or the general health and 

 appearance of the animal. Such Horses 

 when properly fed and taken care of, and 

 worked with moderation, will often continue 

 in regular work for several years. Many 

 glandered Horses have been known to get rid 

 of the disorder while working, and on s-everal 

 occasions, fresh purchased Horses, and parti- 

 cularly, if old ones, have escaped the disorder. 

 Flruce it is this circumstance, as I have before 

 stated, that has led many to believe that the 

 oJanders is not contagious. 



The second stage of glanders is marked by 

 ulceration within the nostrils, or an appear- 

 ance in the matter which indicates ulceration, 

 though sometimes too high up to be seen. The 

 matter is in larger quantity, more glutinous, 

 sticking about the margin of the nostril raid 

 upper lips, and sometimes obstructing the pas- 

 sage of air, so that the Horse makes a snuffling 

 n<M*e in breathing. 



The matter is frequently streaked with 

 blood, and the Hurse sometimes bleeds fnm 



the nostrils in working. When this happens 

 in the first stage of the disorder, however 

 early it may be, it indicates the approach of 

 the second stage. The matter begins to have 

 an offensive smell, which it scarcely ever has in 

 the first stage, though an offensive smell is by 

 many supposed to be a decisive mark of glan- 

 ders. In the second stage, the matter generally 

 is discharged from both nostrils, the glands 

 under the jaw become larger, harder, and fixed 

 more closely to the jaw-bone. They are also 

 generally more tender to the touch than in 

 the first stage ; the inner corners of the eye 

 are also mattery. The Horse loses fle.sh and 

 strength, and is apt to stale more than usual, 

 coughs heavy and hard, and at length dies in 

 a miserable condition, generally farcied as 

 well as glandered. It is with this disease as 

 it was formerly with small-pox inoculation, 

 and is now with vaccination. If a person 

 happens to meet with one or two cases, or 

 suppose it were half a dozen, of a Horse 

 escaping the glanders, after standing in a 

 stable with one that is glandered, he thinks 

 him>elf fully warranted in concluding that the 

 disease is not contagious. Satisfied with this 

 decision, he gives himself no further trouble 

 about it, and pays no attention to any tiling 

 that may be said or written in opposition to 

 his own opinion. 



It is a remarkable chcumstance that glan- 

 ders cannot be communicated by applying the 

 matter which is discharged from the nose of a 

 fflandered Horse to the nostrils of a sound 

 Horse, even though a piece of lint soaked in 

 the matter, be put up the nostrils, and kept in 

 contact with the pituitary membrane for a 

 short time, or even if the matter be thrown 

 up the nostrils with a syringe. But if tlie 

 smallest quantity be applied in the wuv of 



