low friction loss characteristics of lined hose and the sweating or fireproofing 

 qualities of unlined hose. 



All Otter aircraft were equipped with a 200-gallon water dropping tank 

 located under the fuselage. A similar tank is presently being developed for Beaver 

 aircraft. 



Forest Pest Control 



Forest pest problems in Ontario, which involve chiefly damaging insects and 

 diseases of trees, are shared co-operatively with the Canada Department of Fores- 

 try. The Province is responsible for initiating and conducting all control operations 

 on lands under its jurisdiction, and the federal government conducts the surveys 

 and research work on which control decisions are based. 



SURVEYS 



Each year this Department participates in the Ontario portion of the Canada- 

 wide Forest Insect and Disease Survey of the federal Department of Forestry. 

 Detailed information concerning the occurrence and distribution of specific insects 

 and diseases is contained in the Annual Report of the Forest Insect and Disease 

 Survey. 



The spruce budworm infestation in northwestern Ontario declined in 1964 to 

 the point where defoliation could not be detected from the air. However, sampling 

 from the ground did reveal some lingering budworm activity. In southern Ontario, 

 the only spruce budworm infestation to cause heavy defoliation was in the white 

 spruce plantation in the Uxbridge Forest, which has supported a fluctuating bud- 

 worm population for many years. 



The major insect occurring in spectacular epidemic proportions and attracting 

 most attention was the forest tent caterpillar. The infestation in northwestern 

 Ontario increased to Lake Nipigon and south through the Nipigon valley to Black 

 Bay Peninsula. In addition there are isolated patches of activity of this insect 

 throughout northern Ontario. 



The geographic distribution of Dutch elm disease in Ontario remained about 

 the same in 1964. The disease occurs throughout southern Ontario and extends 

 north to a line from the mouth of the French River, curving north to include Lake 

 Nipissing and east to Mattawa. Within this area, the disease continues to intensify 

 and kill more elms. 



CONTROL 



Efforts to control forest pest problems are conducted in natural stands as well 

 as in artificially established plantations. For the past few years, the forest insect 

 causing greatest economic damage has been the white pine weevil. Control methods 

 during 1964 were confined to spraying with knapsack sprayers, and hand clipping 

 and burning infested leading shoots. A total of 2,800 acres of young white pines 

 were treated. 



Approximately 2,400 acres of plantations were sprayed from the ground for 

 control of sawflies. These were principally the red-headed pine sawfly and the 

 European pine sawfiy, but included also small acreages of yellow-headed spruce 

 sawfly and the larch sawfly. 



White grubs usually threaten the survival of newly planted trees on old, sod- 

 covered agricultural lands. Aldrin treatments at time of planting are necessary 

 and in 1964 about 750 acres were treated. On these sites, mice also often cause 



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