February, 1922. 



SCIENTIFIC AGRICULTURE. 



189 



harvested there was no water available 

 for sprayin<2:, and a few days later it start- 

 ed to rain, and it was not nntil November 

 11th that a suitable day occurred, and des- 

 pite the fact that this was Armistice Day, 

 we made the application, because we we' e • 

 not calling any armistice with the canker, 

 even though we had it beaten. 



TIhe cost of materials and application for 

 the second sprav was as follows : 

 Copper Sulphate, 12 lbs. at 19c... 2.28 



Lime, 12 lbs. at 2c 24 



2 nozzle-men. 1 hr. at 40c. each 80 



Man and team, 1 hr. at $6.50 per dav .8I14 



Total cost $4.1314 



Cost per tree for second anplication 22.95c 



The cost of copper sulphate was a little 

 less in 1918 than in 1917, but labour in-' 

 creased in price, so tliat tlie cost per tree 

 was about the same. 



Storing- and Packing of Sprayed 

 Apples, 1918. 



Our previous experience was repeated in 

 1918. The apples were packed up late in De- 

 cember and it was unnecessary to wipe the 

 fruit. The sprayed apples again showed 

 remarkable superiority in keeping quali- 

 ties and in freedom from rot-infection in 

 the fruit. 



Counts of Infection, 1919. 



On May 29th, 1919. Mr. Eastham again 

 made the counts on the trees. 



Plot 1, early sprav, all 9 trees were ex- 

 amined and only showed a total of 13 

 cankers, or 1 4-9 per tree ; 3 trees out of 

 the 9 showed no infection at all. 



Plot 2, early and late spray, all 9 trees 

 were examined and only showed a total 

 of 6 cankers, or 2-3 of a canker per tree ; 

 5 trees out of the 9 were absolutely clean. 



Plot 3, late snray, all 9 trees were ex- 

 amined and only showed a total of 130 

 or 14 4-9 per tree. 



Plot 4, check-plot, one tree examined 

 showed 49 cankers. 



Although our work on this plot really 

 ceased with the counts made in May 1919, 

 it is very interesting to note that the 

 crop in the fall of 1919 averaged slightly 

 over 9 boxes to the tree. This increase is 

 attributed almost entirely to the new bear- 

 ing wood which had been developed in the 

 trees in the previous three years. 

 Summary. 



In summing up the results of the first 

 three years' work the following conclu- 



sions were reached : 



(1) An early spray is essential. 



(2) A weak Bordeaux will do the work 

 if applied early enough. 



(3) The cost for the early spray for the 

 three years was only 14.19 cents per tree. 



(4) The cost for the early spray is higher 

 than it need be, because material was at 

 war prices and bought in small quantities. 



(5) Early varieties may be picked be- 

 fore it is necessary to spray. 



(6) It was found unnecessary to wipe 

 the fruit. 



(7) Fruit was left sticky, but no com- 

 plaints were received when it was put on 

 the market. 



{8) Covering of Bordeaux did not in- 

 terfere with colouring of fruit; it seem- 

 ed to improve it. 



(9) Anthracnose rot-infection on the 

 fruit was controlled practically 100 per 

 cent. Keeping qualities were also im- 

 proved. 



(10) The disease can be controlled if 

 growers will only carry out the spraying 

 systematically each year. 



Fig. 2. — Apple Tree badlj' attacked by An- 

 Inracnose. Note cankers on main trunk and 

 branches and dead shoots of last year's growth. 



In the Fall of 1919 another series of ex- 

 periments was outlined, as it was desired 

 to test the effect of an early application of 

 3-4-40 Bordeaux to the King apple, a var- 

 iety most largely grown on Vancouver 



