190 



SCIENTIFIC AGRICULTURE. 



February, 1922. 



Island, and one which is ready for mar- 

 ket about the end of September, 



It was also desired to test the effective- 

 ness of Burgundy mixture (1 lb. Bluestone, 

 11/2 lbs. AVashing Soda, and 40 gals, water) 

 as an early spray and also a fall applica- 

 tion of 1 to 9 Lime-sulphuj- after the fruit 

 was picked. 



An acre of 14-yr. old Kings consisting 

 of 45 trees was selected in Stewart Bros, 

 orchard, Keating, and this was divided into 

 5 plots of 9 trees each with one tree in 

 each plot left as a check. 



This block of Kings had been bearing 

 very consistency up to about 12 years of 

 age but in the ISth and 14th year it had 

 gone back very rapidly and when it was 

 taken over practically every terminal 

 growth was dead. An endeavour was made 

 to count the infection on the one and two- 

 year-old wood on each tree before the plots 

 were sprayed and this count showed an 

 average of 88 cankers per tree over the 

 entire 45 trees. This count was much be- 

 low the real infection because the follow- 

 ing May the count made on the five check 

 trees by Mr. Eastham showed an average 

 of 106 cankers per tree on one and two- 

 year-old wood. 



The first week of September 1919 Avas 

 wet and it was not until September 12th 

 that plot 1 was sprayed with 3-4-40 Bor- 

 deaux and plot 2 was sprayed with I-II/2- 

 40 Burgundy. 



On Nov. 6th plot 3 was sprayed with 3- 

 4-40 Bordeaux and plot 4 was sprayed with 

 6-6-40 Bordeaux. The next day, Nov. 7th, 

 plot 5 was sprayed with 1 to 9 Lime-sul- 

 phur. 



Wlien the fruit was liarvested it was 

 found difficult to wipe off the coating of 

 Bordeaux from the apples of Plot 1 so 

 that they could be harvested immediately. 

 However, the apples from Plot 2 which 

 was sprayed with Burgundy showed prac- 

 tically no deposit at all. 



Early in the spring the trees were given 

 quite a heavy pruning and an endeavor 

 was made to cut out all dead wood. The 

 trees all had the same treatment so that the 

 counts of infection made later would be on 

 a uniform basis. 



On May 11th and 12th, 1920, the counts 

 were made and showed ihe following re- 

 sults : — 



Plot 1, sprayed with 3-4-40 Bordeaux, 

 on the 12th September, 1919, 3 trees show- 

 ed an average of 9 cankers per tree; check 

 tree 75. 



Plot 2, sprayed with l-l%-40 Burgundy 

 mixture, on the 12th September, 1919, 3 

 trees showed an average of 33 cankers per 

 tree ; check tree 125. 



Plot 3, sprayed with 3-4-40 Bordeaux on 

 Nov. 6th, 1919, after the fruit Avas picked, 

 3 trees showed an average of 42 cankers 

 per tree; check tree 101. 



Plot 4, sprayed with 6-6-40 Bordeaux on 

 Nov. 6th, 1919, after the fruit Avas pick- 

 ed, 3 trees showed an average of 32 cank- 

 ers per tree ;■ check tree 140. 



Plot 5, sprayed with 1 to 9 Lime-sulphur 

 on Nov. 7th," 1919, after the fruit was 

 picked, 3 trees showed an average of 37 

 cankers per tree; check tre'e 92. 



In the fall of 1920 the experiment Avas 

 continued but along slightly different 

 lines. As AA'ill be remembered, the fall and 

 Avinter of 1920-21 was one of the Avettest 

 on record. The first rains came on Aug- 

 ust 28th and they Avere very heaAry. This 

 caught us unaAvares but the Aveather clear- 

 ed and on September 3rd Ave sprayed Plot 

 1 Avith 3-4-40 Bordeaux and Plots 2, 3, 

 and 4 with 1-11/2-40 Burgundy. Heavy 

 rains came soon after and they were ex- 

 cessive during the fall and Avinter. 



On October 19th a suitable day present- 

 ed itself on AA-hich to make the second 

 spraying. 



Plot 3 Avas sprayed with 3-4-40 Bor- 

 deaux. 



Plot 4 was sprayed with 6-6-40 Bor- 

 deaux and Plot 5 was sprayed A\'ith 1 to 

 9 Lime-sulphur. 



The crop in 1920 in common with the 

 apple crop in general was very liglit. 



There Avas practically no Avinter prun- 

 ing to do in the spring of 1921 but the 

 t: ees had made a fine lot of ucav groAvth 

 during 1920. 



The counts made on June 1st, 1921 show- 

 ed the folloAving results: — 



Plot 1, sprayed Avith 3-4-40 Bordeaux 

 on 3rd Sept. 4 trees showed 4 cankers or 

 an average of 1 canker per tree ; one tree 

 had none. Check tree, 12 cankers. 



Plot 2, sprayed Avith 1-114-40 Bungundy 

 on 3rd Sept. 3 trees showed 5 cankers or 

 an average of 1 2-3 per tree. Check tree, 9 

 cankers. 



