TABLE OF CONTENTS 



Page 

 SPECIES INFORMATION 



1. Classification and nomenclature 1 



2. Present legal or other formal status 2 



3. Description 4 



4. Significance 9 



5. Geographical distribution 9 



6. General environment and habitat description 15 



7. Population biology of the taxon 29 



8. Population ecology of the taxon 38 



9. Current land ownership and management responsibility 40 



10. Management practices and experience 41 



11. Evidence of threats to survival 44 



ASSESSMENT AND RECOMMENDATIONS 



12. General assessment of vigor, trends, and status 46 



13. Recommendations for listing or status change 46 



14. Recommended critical habitat 47 



15. Conservation/recovery recommendations 47 



16. Interested parties 48 



INFORMATION SOURCES 



17. Sources of information 50 



18. Summary of materials on file 51 



AUTHORSHIP 



19. Initial authorship 51 



20. Maintenance of status report 51 



NEW INFORMATION 



21. Record of revisions .52 



LITERATURE CITED 52 



