TIVENTIETH .ANNUAL MEETING. 51 



The work with apples was undertaken because of injuries 

 in this state in 1909 from the use of Bordeaux, and because 

 of numerous inquiries regarding- tb.e vahic of Hme and sul- 

 phur in its various forms as a substitute for IJordeaux. The 

 time and number of sprayings for the control of insect and 

 fungous troubles of apples have been pretty thoroughly 

 worked out; likewise, the value of spraying needs little fur- 

 ther demonstration. Our object, therefore, was largely to 

 determine if some substitute, for Bordeaux could be used here 

 that would possess the same value as a fungicide and still not 

 cause injury to the foliage through spotting and leaf fall and 

 the russeting of the fruit that sometimes result from the 

 use of Bordeaux, especially in wet seasons. 



Seven orchards were selected for the work, as follows : 

 E. M. Ives, ]\Ieriden ; B. F. Jones, Centreville; E. Rogers, 

 Southington ; S. A. Smith & Sons, Cheshire ; C. H. Savage, 

 Storrs ; J. E. Stoddard, Abington ; Experiment Station (Webb 

 orchard ) , Centreville. Our station is under obligation to 

 these men for unusual opportunities for carrying on the work, 

 and to Professor C. D. Jarvis of Storrs, who turned over to 

 us preliminary arrangements which he had made for spraying 

 in some of these orchards. 



Four types of sprays were used: Bordeaux Mixture, 

 self -boiled lime and sulphur, various commercial lime-sulphurs 

 ( including Niagara, Grasselli, Sherwin-Williams, and Blan- 

 chard), and commercial sulphur sprays containing other in- 

 gredients, as Sulfocide, One for All, and Bogart's Sulphur 

 Compound. These various fungicides were used in dififerent 

 strengths and at different times. Although five dififerent 

 periods of spraying were made in the dififerent orchards, no 

 one received over four treatments. These five treatments 

 were : ( 1 ) a winter treatment for San Jose scale, usually 

 given by the owner; (2) on the unfolding leaves before the 

 blossoms opened; (3) on the young leaves just after the pet- 

 als fell; (4) about three weeks later, on the very young 

 fruit; and (5) on the small fruit about a month later, or dur- 



