TWENTIETH ANNUAL MEETING. 



55 



this russeting of the uiispra}ed trees, since it was most con- 

 spicuous in the lower parts of the orchard and in the north- 

 ern parts of the state, where most injury was shown on other 

 vegetation at the time of these frosts. 



Taking up the fungicidal value of the various sprays, on 

 the whole the Bordeaux gave the best results, with the self- 

 boiled lime and sulphur about as good. The various commer- 

 cial lime-sulphurs are somewhat behind these, but as com- 

 pared with each other they averaged about the same, though 

 in different orchards sometimes one and sometimes another 

 gave the better result. When we remember that Bordeaux 

 and the self-boiled lime-sulphur produced the most russeting, 

 there is some ground for believing that the less likely a fun- 

 gicide is to russet, the more likely it is to be of less value as 

 a fungicide. 



Concerning individual fungi, it may be stated that while 

 the season was favorable for scab, the varieties under experi- 

 ment were not especially subject to it, so that in none of the 

 orchards, even on the check trees, was there enough of this 

 fungus to determine the relative value of the different 

 sprays. Rust was quite common on certain varieties, but on 

 the whole the sprayed trees had about as much as the un- 

 sprayed. Evidently it takes more than three sprayings to 

 surely control this trouble. Baldwin spot we know is not a 

 real fungous trouble, and while it was not prominent in the 

 orchards, there was little indication that the spraying had any 

 effect on it. Rot, sooty blotch, fruit speck and insect troubles 

 showed considerably less on the sprayed than on the unsprayed 

 trees. Those orchards that had been sprayed in previous years 

 showed much less injury from fungi and insects than those 

 that were sprayed this year for the first time. In two or three 

 of the orchards the fungi were so inconspicuous that about 

 as good results would have been obtained if the trees had 

 been sprayed only with arsenate of lead for the insects. 



On the whole, Bordeaux gave such serious injury and the 

 self-boiled lime and sulphur involved so much greater incon- 



